展览阐释:美术馆和博物馆策展比较——兼谈博物馆的美术馆化  

Exhibition Interpretation:A Comparative Study of Curating in Museums(Bowuguan)and Art Galleries(Meishuguan)——Also on the Gallerization of Museums

作　　者：严建强[1] YAN Jian-qiang(Department of Archaeology,Cultural Heritage and Museology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310028)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学考古与文博系,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《东南文化》2021年第5期133-142,共10页Southeast Culture

摘　　要：策展在艺术品公共利用中应运而生,成为美术馆工作的重要内容。由于展品本身的自明性,策展对展品的阐释并不是必需的。但对于展品自明性弱,同时肩负传播与教育使命的博物馆来说,阐释是策展工作的核心内容,由此造成了两者在策展工作内涵及组织体制上的重大区别。一些重视美术教育的策展人采用高度阐释的方式造成了美术馆的博物馆化,为艺术品欣赏增添了历史文化理解的价值。但与此同时,也有众多的因素,包括博物馆收藏理念的滞后、展览建设团队缺乏阐释能力,以及观众的历史惯性和学习动力不足,导致一些博物馆满足于展览的审美品质而放弃了阐释与传播的责任,导致了博物馆的美术馆化,削弱了其文化遗产价值解读的功能。Emerging in the public use of artworks,curating has become an important part of the work at art galleries.Due to the self-explanatory nature of the collections of art galleries,curatorial interpretation of these collections may not be necessarily needed.However,for museums,whose collections are less self-explanatory and whose missions include both communication and education,interpretation is the core of curatorial work.Significant differences in the connotation and organizing scheme of curatorial work are therefore existed between museums and art galleries.Some curators working at art galleries who focus on fine art education have adopted a highly interpretative approach in their work,adding a historical and cultural understanding to the appreciation of artworks,which has resulted in the museumization of art galleries.Meanwhile,a range of factors,which include the lagging collecting philosophy of the museum,the lack of interpretive skills of the curatorial team,and the inertia and short of learning motivation of the audience,have led some museums to indulge in the aesthetic quality of exhibitions overlooking their duty to interpret and communicate,which has caused the gallerization of museums and restricted their capacity to represent the value of cultural heritage.

关 键 词：美术馆 博物馆 策展 阐释 策展人 CURATOR 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]