紫金山铜矿生物堆浸过程酸铁平衡实践与优化方向  

Practice and Optimization on Acid and Iron Balance in Industrial Heap Bioleaching of Zijinshan Copper Mine

作　　者：江城 贾炎[3] 孙和云[3] 谭巧义[3] JIANG Cheng;JIA Yan;SUN He-yun;TAN Qiao-yi(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650031,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Longyan 364200,Fujian,China;National Engineering Laboratoryfor Hydrometallurgical Clean Production,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650031 [2]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建龙岩364200 [3]中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产国家工程实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第10期13-19,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院自主部署项目(IAGM-2019A08);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51674231)。

摘　　要：紫金山铜矿低品位矿石采用生物堆浸—萃取—电积工艺产出阴极铜。矿石中主要铜矿物为蓝辉铜矿及铜蓝,同时含有较高含量的黄铁矿,耗酸脉石含量低。铜矿物浸出过程中,伴随着黄铁矿的氧化产酸产铁,造成堆浸系统溶液中酸铁浓度的不断累积,影响到浸出、萃取及环保处理工序,需要通过不断地中和来降低酸铁浓度。介绍了紫金山铜矿生物堆浸的技术特点,对生物堆浸过程中高酸高铁和低酸低铁两种工艺实践中酸铁平衡实践进行总结;结合紫金山铜矿矿石矿物学信息,进行酸平衡计算,确定了堆浸过程中黄铁矿氧化过程对酸铁平衡的影响;分析工艺条件对酸铁平衡的影响,并提出未来解决酸铁过剩的工艺优化方向。Heap bioleaching,solvent extraction,and electro winning is applied in Zijinshan copper mine to produce copper cathode from low-grade ore.Digenite and covellite are the main copper minerals,and quite high amount of pyrite is also included in ore,while very low acid consumption gangue minerals are contained.During process of extracting valuable copper from heap bioleaching,pyrite will be also oxidized and dissolved into ferric sulfate and sulfuric acid,which result to adverse effect to solvent extraction,electro winning processes.Main technique traits of Zijinshan heap bioleaching practice were introduced.Industrial practices,including high acid/iron concentration leaching system and low acid/iron concentration leaching system,and how they influence acid/iron balance in industrial system were introduced.Based on mineralogy properties and especially pyrite oxidation processes,influence of pyrite oxidation and parameters to acid/iron balance of Zijinshan heap bioleaching is analyzed.Strategies for future acid and iron balance are proposed.

关 键 词：紫金山铜矿 生物堆浸 蓝辉铜矿 黄铁矿 氧化 酸铁平衡 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]