不同喂养对新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发生、发展及转归的影响  

Effects of different feedings on the occurrence,development and outcome of necrotizing enterocolitis

作　　者：郭婷 路丽 吕志宝[1] Guo Ting;Lu Li;Lyu Zhibao(Department of General Surgery,Shanghai Children's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市儿童医院,上海交通大学附属儿童医院普外科,上海200062

出　　处：《中华小儿外科杂志》2021年第10期944-949,共6页Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：上海市浦江人才计划资助项目(19PJ1409000);上海市科委自然科学基金(18ZR1431300)。

摘　　要：新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是一种新生儿高发生率、高病死率的消化道疾病。婴儿的免疫系统尚不成熟,较易出现严重的免疫相关疾病。母乳含有生物活性物质和免疫成分,母乳喂养可以保持肠道内环境稳态,降低早产儿和极低出生体重儿发生NEC的风险。然而对于大部分早产儿和极低出生体重儿,其母体的母乳通常供应不足,当没有足够的母乳时,捐赠母乳或配方奶是早产儿和极低出生体重儿的肠内营养替代品,但这3种喂养方式对于NEC的防治有一定的差别。寻找可有效降低NEC的发生率和严重程度,并改善患儿预后的方法一直是临床工作者关注的焦点。本文将针对这3种喂养方式对NEC发生、发展及转归的影响进行综述。Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is a gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence and high mortality rate of neonates.Infants with immature immune systems are more prone to serious immune-related diseases.Breast milk contains biologically active substances and immune ingredients.Breastfeeding maintains the steady state of intestinal environment and lowers the risk of NEC in preterm and very-low-birth-weight infants.However,for most premature and very-low-birth-weight infants,breast milk is usually in a short supply.When lacking breast milk,donor human milk or formula milk is an enteral nutrition substitute for premature and very-low-birth-weight infants.There are marked differences for the prevention and treatment of NEC.Seeking ways of improving the incidence and severity of NEC and enhancing the prognosis of children has always been the focal point of clinicians.This review summarized the effects of three feeding methods on the occurrence,development and outcome of NEC.

关 键 词：小肠结肠炎 坏死性 母乳喂养 捐赠母乳 配方奶 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]