子女升学对父母时间配置的影响  

The Impacts of Children’s Educational Progression on Parental Time Allocation

作　　者：杜凤莲[1,2] 杨鑫尚 DU Fenglian;YANG Xinshang(Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,China;University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学经济管理学院,010021 [2]内蒙古大学时间利用调查与研究中心,010021 [3]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,102488

出　　处：《经济学动态》2021年第8期81-100,共20页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“苹果为什么落不远?农民工人力资本与经济融合的代际传递”(71373111);内蒙古“草原英才”项目。

摘　　要：基于2017年中国时间利用调查(CTUS)数据,本文使用probit、OLS和Tobit模型分别估计子女升学对父母劳动参与率、有酬劳动时间和无酬劳动时间的影响。本文研究发现:第一,子女升学会降低父母劳动参与率,减少有酬劳动时间并增加无酬劳动时间;第二,子女升学对父母劳动供给的影响存在性别差异,父亲和母亲分别通过减少有酬劳动时间和降低劳动参与率来适应子女升学,且这种影响只存在于同性之间,这将强化"男主外、女主内"的家庭性别分工模式,加剧家庭内部性别不平等;第三,子女升学降低了父母劳动和娱乐时间,增加了生活照料和教育照料时间。本文的研究发现为中小学阶段儿童照料如何影响父母劳动供给和家庭性别分工提供了经验证据。Using the 2017 Chinese Time Use Survey(CTUS) data, this paper examines the impacts of children’s educational progression on parental labor participation, paid and unpaid working hours based on probit, OLS and Tobit models. The results are as follows:(1)Children’s educational progression period will result in a lower labor participation rate, fewer paid working hours and longer unpaid working hours of their parents.(2)The impact of children’s educational progression on parental labor supply exhibits gender differences. Father and mother respond to their children’s educational progression by reducing paid working hours and labor participation rates, respectively. And boys and girls have significant effects on fathers and mothers, respectively.(3)Children’s educational progression decreases parental working and entertainment hours while increases their caring and educational time. The results provide empirical evidence on how childcares in primary, secondary and high schools affect their parents’ labor supply and gender division in the labor market and within the household.

关 键 词：劳动供给 儿童照料 升学压力 家庭分工 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]