中国刑法走向何处去:对积极刑法立法观的反思  

Where is China’s Criminal Law Going:Reflection on the Positive View of Criminal Law Legislation

作　　者：姜涛[1,2] Jiang Tao(the Law School of Nanjing Normal University;China Institute of Modernization of the Rule of Law)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2021年第5期116-139,共24页Journal of National Prosecutors College

摘　　要：随着社会转型时期刑法立法上的犯罪化加速,中国刑法走向何处去备受关注。立法的积极并不意味着需要坚持积极刑法立法观,积极刑法立法观的三大理论预设存在疑问,易于陷入犯罪化扩张的危险中。刑法立法与国家任务相关,不能越过法益保护原则而强化国民对刑法的忠诚。刑法观是刑法立法理念的体现,包含在刑法类型当中,以刑法类型为主线讨论刑法立法发展方向更具有解释力。刑法是社会发展的产物,随着国家任务的时代改变,法定犯大量增加成为刑法立法的重头戏,现代刑法需要被植入新的基因,提倡与实践社会刑法,中国刑法之未来发展方向终将呈现出"市民刑法兼容社会刑法"的共生格局:对自然犯采取市民刑法,对行政犯采取社会刑法。With the acceleration of criminalization of criminal law legislation in the period of social transformation,much attention has been paid to the direction of Chinese criminal law.The positivity of legislation does not mean that we need to adhere to the positive view of criminal law legislation,the three theoretical presuppositions of the positive view of criminal law legislation are in doubt and easy to fall into the danger of criminal expansion and political order.The legislation of criminal law is related to the national task,as the country whose human rights protection concept has not been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people,we can’t strengthen the citizens’loyalty to criminal law beyond the principle of legal interest protection.The concept of criminal law is the embodiment of the concept of criminal law legislation and is included in the types of criminal law.It is more explanatory to discuss the development direction of criminal law legislation with the type of criminal law as the main line.Criminal law is the product of social development.With the change of national tasks,the number of statutory crimes has increased greatly and become the highlight of criminal law legislation,and the modern criminal law needs to be implanted with new genes to promote and practice social criminal law,the future development direction of China’s criminal law will eventually present a symbiotic pattern of"civil criminal law compatible with social criminal law":civil criminal law should be adopted for natural crimes,social criminal law should be applied to administrative criminals.

关 键 词：积极刑法立法观 刑法的谦抑性 社会刑法 市民刑法 国家治理现代化 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]