南酸枣果实表型性状及发芽率地理变异研究  

A Study on Geographic Variation of Choerospondias axillaris Fruit Phenotype Characters and Germination

作　　者：尧云萍 赵兰[1] 何万存 胡百强 晏雨鸿 陈梦义 丁菲[1] 吴南生[1] YAO Yunping;ZHAO Lan;HE Wancun;HU Baiqiang;YAN Yuhong;CHEN Mengyi;DING Fei;WU Nansheng(School of Landscape Architecture and Art,Jiangxi Forest Breeding Center,Research Institute of Southern Choerospondias Axillaris,College of Vocational Teachers,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院/江西省林木育种中心/南酸枣研究所/职业师范学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第5期996-1006,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省国家林木种质资源库建设项目(2018-360000-0201-015493);江西省重点研发计划项目(20171BBF60011);江西省林业科技创新专项经费项目(201608)。

摘　　要：【目的】对来自湖北、湖南、广西15个种源的南酸枣果实表型性状进行测定,在江西省九江市开展发芽率试验,为南酸枣进一步优质资源选育提供参考。【方法】对各种源果实的9个表型性状及发芽率进行方差分析及多重比较、对指标间及其与地理因子进行相关性分析和聚类分析;在表型性状及发芽率主成分分析的基础上进行综合评价。【结果】15个种源间果纵径无显著差异,其他果实表型性状及发芽率差异显著,变异系数范围为6.90%~45.44%,变异程度为发芽率>果肉鲜质量>果鲜质量>核鲜质量>核形指数>果横径>核纵径>核横径>果纵径>果形指数;相关性结果表明性状间存在显著相关性,性状与地理因子存在关系如下:果横径与经度呈极显著正相关,相关性系数为0.717;果鲜质量与纬度呈极显著正相关,相关性系数为0.696;果形指数与经度呈显著负相关,相关性系数为-0.527;核鲜质量与纬度呈显著正相关,相关性系数为0.602;果肉鲜质量与纬度呈极显著正相关,相关性系数为0.644;发芽率与经度、纬度呈显著正相关,相关性系数分别为0.522、0.601;聚类分析将其划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群(含湖北咸安),此类群果大、果核大、果卵圆形、果肉较多、发芽率低;第Ⅱ类群果小、果核小、果肉最少、发芽率较高;第Ⅲ类群(含湖北秭归),此类群果最大、果核最大、果近圆形、果肉最多、发芽率最高;主成分分析表明3个主成分的特征值均大于1,累计贡献率达95.63%;供试种源中,湖北咸安种源综合得分最高,广西苍梧种源综合得分最低。【结论】因地理差异,15个种源南酸枣果实表型性状及发芽率多样性较为丰富,且受经纬度影响明显,南酸枣表型性状及发芽率在纬度带上都未形成明显分布规律,在经度上形成规律如下:果横径、核横径形成从西向东变宽的变化趋势,果形、核形从东向西由近圆形变为�[Objective]By taking use of 15 Choerospondias axillaris germplasms that were collected from Hubei,Hunan,and Guangxi,the phenotypic traits of C.axillaris fruit were measured,the germination rate test was carried out in Jiujiang City,Jiangxi Province,which provides references for further selection of high-quality provenances of C.axillaris.[Method]Variance analysis and multiple comparisons of 9 phenotypic traits of fruits and germination rates of various provenance were performed,the correlation between the indicators and geographic factors was analyzed,and cluster analysis on various provenances was performed;based on the principal component analysis of traits and germination rate,comprehensive evaluation of various provenances was carried out.[Result]There is no significant difference in fruit longitudinal diameters among the 15 provenances,and other phenotypic characteristics and germination rates are significantly different among the provenances.The coefficient of variation ranges from 6.90% to 45.44%.The degree of variation is germination rate>fresh fresh>fresh stone weight>fruit stone shape index>fruit diameter>stone length>stone diameter>fruit length>fruit shape index.The correlation result shows that there is a significant correlation among the traits,and the relationship between traits and geographic factors is as follows:fruit diameter and longitude are extremely significantly positively correlated,with a correlation coefficient of 0.717;fruit fresh weight and latitude are extremely significantly positively correlated,with a correlation coefficient of 0.696;fruit shape index and longitude have significant negative correlation,with a correlation coefficient of-0.527;stone fresh weight and latitude are significantly positively correlated,with a correlation coefficient of 0.602;fresh fresh and latitude have extremely significant positive correlation,the correlation coefficient was 0.644;the germination rate was significantly positively correlated with longitude and latitude,and the correlation coefficients w

关 键 词：南酸枣 种源 果实表型性状 发芽率 

分 类 号：S794[农业科学—林木遗传育种]