羊草生长和光合生理特性对不同施磷强度的响应  

Growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Leymus chinensis in response to applications of phosphorus at differing intensities

作　　者：李会军 胡雨彤 刘美君 盛建东[1,2] 张文太 张少民[4] 孟捷 LI Huijun;HU Yutong;LIU Meijun;SHENG Jiandong;ZHANG Wentai;ZHANG Shaomin;MENG Jie(College of Grassland and Environmental Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland and Resources and Ecology of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Research Institute of Nuclear and Biotechnologies,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆草地资源与生态实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第10期2041-2049,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划项目“人工羊草地建植中的磷肥高效利用机制研究(2018Q070)”;新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目“施磷提高灰漠土羊草种子产量的机理研究(2019D01B19)”;国家自然科学基金“伊犁河谷天然草地土壤水库–小水窖联合集雨技术与应用(41761059)”;南京农业大学–新疆农业大学联合基金项目“草地径流水资源高效利用研究(KYYJ201903)”。

摘　　要：为探索羊草(Leymus chinensis)生长特征和光合生理参数对磷添加的响应,本研究通过盆栽试验设置4个施磷水平(0、70、140、210 kg·hm^(−2)),分析不同施磷强度对羊草生长和光合生理特性的影响。结果表明:1)施磷量在70~210 kg·hm^(−2)范围内对羊草株高和生物量的积累均有促进作用,并且在140 kg·hm^(−2)时促进效果最明显。2)羊草光合作用对土壤施磷强度的响应不同,随着施磷强度的升高,净光合速率呈先增加后降低的趋势;叶绿素荧光在施磷强度为70~140 kg·hm^(−2)范围内最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ活性、初始荧光(Fo)出现最大值,而Fo/Fm出现最小值。拟合方程分析表明,施磷强度在148.75 kg·hm^(−2)时更加有利于羊草生物量的积累。This study used pot experiments to explore how the growth and other photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Leymus chinensis responded to applications of phosphorus at four intensities(0,70,140,and 210 kg·ha^(−1)).The results showed the following.1)Applications of phosphorus at rates ranging from 70~210 kg·ha^(−1) increased the height and biomass accumulation of L.chinensis plants;the effects were most obvious at an application intensity of 140 kg·ha^(−1).2)The photosynthetic response of L.chinensis to different soil phosphorus application intensities varied.As the intensity of the phosphorus applied increased,the net photosynthetic rate first increased and then decreased.The maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),PSⅡactivity,and initial fluorescence(Fo)of chlorophyll fluorescence occurred when phosphorus application intensity ranged from 70~140 kg·ha^(−1),while Fo/Fm was at its minimum in these circumstances.An analysis of the fitted equation showed that a phosphorus application intensity of 148.75 kg·ha^(−1) was the most favorable for the accumulation biomass by L.chinensis.

关 键 词：羊草 磷肥 磷高效利用 光合参数 叶绿素荧光 拟合曲线 栽培草地 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]