妊娠前期黔北麻羊能量和蛋白需要的估算  

Estimation of energy and protein requirements of Qianbei brown goats during early gestation

作　　者：许天政 王春梅 孙澄慧 陈琴 高巍 施晓丽[1] XU Tianzheng;WANG Chunmei;SUN Chenghui;CHEN Qin;GAO Wei;SHI Xiaoli(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction/College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Guizhou Province,Duyun 558000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室/贵州大学贵州省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室/贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州农业农村局,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第10期2063-2068,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑资助项目(黔科合支撑[2014]3046);无公害饲料添加剂研制与产业化示范(黔科合NY[2007]3006);放牧山羊的补饲技术研究(Z073150)。

摘　　要：为明确妊娠前期黔北麻羊能量和蛋白的营养需要量,本研究挑选36只体重相近[(27.45±0.29)kg]、妊娠期邻近[(30±3)d]、健康的二胎黔北麻羊母羊,完全随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只羊。以妊娠前期母羊营养需要的60%、80%、100%和120%进行饲喂,预试期10 d,正试期30 d,在正试期的最后7 d用全收粪法收集粪尿。建立能量和蛋白摄入量与体重及日增重的回归方程,得到妊娠前期黔北麻羊母羊维持与生长的能量和蛋白需要量。结果表明:随着营养水平的增加,黔北麻羊总能摄入量、消化能摄入量、代谢能摄入量、粗蛋白摄入量、可消化蛋白摄入量和可代谢蛋白摄入量增加,黔北麻羊平均日增重也随之增加。妊娠期前期黔北麻羊母羊维持代谢能需要量为447.10 kJ·kg^(−1) BW0.75,增重所需代谢能为29.80 kJ·g^(−1);维持所需可消化蛋白量为2.75 g·kg^(−1) BW0.75,增重所需可消化蛋白量为0.22 g·g^(−1)。综上,提高营养水平可增加山羊养分摄入量和增重,山羊的能量和蛋白的维持和增长需要均与美国国家科学研究委员会(United States National Research Council,NRC)山羊营养需要相近。The objective of this study was to determine the energy and protein requirements of Qianbei brown goats during early gestation.Thirty-six 2nd parity Qianbei brown goat ewes with similar body weight[(27.45±0.29)kg]and gestation times[(30±3)d]were randomly divided into four groups each including three replicates with three goats per replicate.Ewes were fed 60%,80%,100%,and 120%of nutrient requirements.After 10 d of adaptation,all ewes were fed for 30 d while collecting their feces and urine output to measure nutrient utilization during the final 7 d of the 30 day feeding period.Regression equations fitting energy/protein intake and body-weight/daily gain were established to estimate energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth of Qianbei Brown goats during early gestation.Gross energy intake(GEI),digestible energy intake(DEI),metabolizable energy intake(MEI),crude protein intake(CPI),digestible protein intake(DCPI),and metabolizable protein intake(MPI)in Qianbei brown goats improved with increasing nutrient levels,and average daily body weight gain(ADG)of Qianbei brown goats also increased.ME requirements for maintenance(MEm)and growth(MEg)of Qianbei brown goats in early gestation were 447.10 kJ·kg^(−1) BW0.75 and 29.80 kJ·g^(−1),respectively.DCP requirements for maintenance(DCPm)and growth(DCPg)were 2.75 g·kg^(−1) BW0.75 and 0.22 g·g^(−1),respectively.In conclusion,nutrient intake and growth were enhanced with increasing nutrient levels,and both energy and protein maintenance and growth requirements of goats were similar to those recommended by the USA National Research Council.

关 键 词：妊娠前期 消化能 代谢能 可消化蛋白质 可代谢蛋白 需要量 维持 生长 

分 类 号：S826.5[农业科学—畜牧学]