信息加工模式采用的影响因素及其交互作用:双加工理论的视角  

Effects of influential factors and their interactions in information processing strategy adoption:The perspective from dual process theory

作　　者：黄鹂强 王刊良[2] HUANG Liqiang;WANG Kanliang(School of Management,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;School of Business,Renmin University,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学管理学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]中国人民大学商学院,北京100872

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2021年第6期1-9,共9页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71771196、71672176、72072160、71931009)。

摘　　要：双加工理论经历了长期的发展,已形成一个涵盖多领域的理论群。众多心理学家从不同领域对该理论进行了系统深入探索,就如下观点基本达成共识:两种加工模式占据了不同的认知资源,具有不同的处理速度。具体而言,浅层加工模式花费较少的认知资源,基于自身的知识积累和当前情境能够轻松获得暗示信息,有助于其快速处理信息;而深层加工模式则需花费较多的认知资源,遵循一定的推理或判断逻辑,对问题的相关信息进行系统化处理,处理速度相对较慢。本文旨在通过对信息处理者采用何种加工模式的影响因素进行梳理,就现有理论群中的分歧进行深入探索,并分析影响因素间的交互作用。同时,本文就双加工理论在管理学多个应用领域的进一步探索提出了未来研究方向,对理论在研究方法方面的拓展提出思考,及在当下人工智能和人机交互时代推进双理论的发展进行展望。In the past decades,researchers in various areas of social and cognitive psychology have developed dual process theories of information processing.Although these theories differ on a variety of dimensions,including domains of application and specific definitions,they all share the basic assumption that two different modes of information processing operate in making judgments,decisions as well as in solving problems.In essence,the common distinction in dual process modes is between a fast,associative information process mode with low effort heuristics,and a slow,rule-based mode with high effort systematic process.On the basis of a brief theoretical development introduction,we illustrate how the dual process theory is manifested in various disciplines.Table 1 summarizes the different representations of dual process,including heuristic vs.systematic;peripheral route vs.central route;associative access vs.attitude construct;categorization vs.individuation;automatic contextual influences vs.correction;experiential vs.rational;impulsive vs.reflective;implicit vs.explicit.Later on,we discuss how different types of information processing modes are determined and what the main factors that may significantly influence information processing adoption.Several determinants are identified from a review of the extant literature;for instance,the involvement would be an influential factor that affects what type of information processing mode adopted.Specifically,if an information processor does not have a high level of involvement,it would be more likely of him/her to adopt a heuristic mode comparing with a systematic mode.Similarly,if a consumer does not in a focal status of high motivation,comparing with the one with a high level of motivation,he/she would be more likely to adopt a heuristic mode.The related factors that are generally discussed in previous studied are shown in Table 2.Although we may learn that these factors as listed are playing significant roles in influencing what type of information processing mode adopted,

关 键 词：双加工模式 双加工系统 决策 判断 社会感知 

分 类 号：C931.6[经济管理—管理学]