缝式机匣处理对跨声速轴流压气机叶尖流场结构的非定常影响  

Unsteady Effect of Slot-Type Casing Treatment on the Rotor Tip Flow Structures in a Transonic Axial Flow Compressor

作　　者：迟志东 楚武利[1] 张耀峰 杨吉博 张皓光[1] CHI Zhidong;CHU Wuli;ZHANG Yaofeng;YANG Jibo;ZHANG Haoguang(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710129

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2021年第11期25-33,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017-II-0005-0018)。

摘　　要：为了揭示缝式机匣处理对压气机叶顶流场结构的影响机制,采用非定常数值模拟方法,对带有机匣处理的跨声速压气机进行了细致的研究。结果表明,机匣处理作用下叶顶流场的频率特征发生显著变化。实壁机匣条件下,间隙泄漏涡的破碎和分化脱落是叶顶流场非定常波动的主要诱因。在机匣处理作用下,间隙泄漏流获得有效激励,同时脱体激波后移,二者共同作用使泄漏涡破碎得到抑制,此时机匣处理的激励频率主导了叶顶流动的非定常特性。叶顶流场涡结构分析表明,间隙泄漏涡和角区涡的交互作用在不同流量工况呈现明显差异。在大流量工况,间隙泄漏涡和角区涡的相互作用较弱,流场中存在较为独立的双涡结构,而在小流量工况,间隙泄漏涡和角区涡相互作用变强,流场中出现强烈的交互涡结构变化。Aiming to reveal the influencing mechanism of casing treatment on rotor tip flow structures,unsteady numerical method was used to study the effects of slot-type casing treatment in a transonic compressor.The results showed that obvious change of frequency-domain characteristics appeared in the tip flow fields under the effect of casing treatment.At smooth casing,the breakdown of tip leakage vortex and vortex shedding contributed to the unsteadiness of tip flow fields.With casing treatment,the tip leakage flow got motivated and the detached shock moved downstream,which restrained the tip leakage vortex breakdown and induced blockage together.As a result,the excitation frequency of casing treatment played a leading role.Besides,the analysis of vortex structures showed that the interaction of tip leakage vortex and corner vortex significantly varied in different mass flow conditions.At large mass flow rates,the tip leakage vortex and corner vortex induced by casing treatment occurred almost at the same time,resulting in a weak vortex interaction and independent vortex structure.At low mass flow rates,however,the interaction of corner vortex and tip leakage vortex was strengthened.So there existed a strong transition of vortex structure in tip flow fields.

关 键 词：跨声速轴流压气机 机匣处理 间隙泄漏涡 角区涡 非定常流动 

分 类 号：V235.12[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]