德化瓷业文化景观研究  

Study of Cultural Landscape of Porcelain Industry in Dehua

作　　者：许宁婧 张杰[1,2] XU Ningjing;ZHANG Jie

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084 [2]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国园林》2021年第10期36-41,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“绿色建筑及建筑工业化”专项项目“既有城市工业区功能提升与改造技术”(编号2018YFC0704900)资助。

摘　　要：德化县是德化白瓷的发源地,其陶瓷产品通过海上丝绸之路远销海外。在其地理文化特质与产业发展历程影响下,德化县城区及其周边地带形成了极具特点的瓷业文化景观。从地理环境、劳作制度、生产技艺、信仰礼俗等的综合角度可以看出,德化瓷业文化景观体现了人类有意设计的、持续有机演进的关联性特征。与景德镇等单一瓷业手工业城市比较,德化的瓷业文化景观呈现出瓷农礼俗相互影响、古代现代叠加共生的鲜明特色。其中,德化第二瓷厂及其周边区域是瓷业景观众多要素的汇集地,是德化瓷业文化景观的集中体现。Dehua is the birthplace of Dehua White Porcelain(Blanc De Chine),and its porcelain products were exported overseas through the Maritime Silk Road.Under the influence of its geographical and local cultural as well as its history of industrial development,the urban area of Dehua and its surrounding region have formed a porcelain cultural landscape with distinctive features.A comprehensive approach to the cultural landscape of the porcelain industry in Dehua from the perspectives of geography,labor system,production techniques,beliefs and rituals,reveals the characteristics of a connected cultural landscape that has been intentionally designed by humans and continued to evolve organically.Compared with Jingdezhen and other single porcelain handicraft cities,the porcelain cultural landscape of Dehua presents the distinctive characteristics of mixed nature of porcelain industry and agriculture reflected in local rituals,and hybrids of symbolism of both ancient and modern times.The Second Porcelain Factory of Dehua and its adjacent areas form the focal point converging the key elements of the porcelain landscape,and provide the testimony of the unique history of Dehua's porcelain industry.

关 键 词：风景园林 文化景观 世界遗产 陶瓷生产 行业信仰 历史演替 德化窑 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]