光场相干测量及其在计算成像中的应用  

Optical-Field Coherence Measurement and Its Applications in Computational Imaging

作　　者：张润南 蔡泽伟 孙佳嵩 卢林芃 管海涛 胡岩[1,2,3] 王博文 周宁 陈钱 左超[1,2,3] Zhang Runnan;Cai Zewei;Sun Jiasong;Lu Linpeng;Guan Haitao;Hu Yan;Wang Bowen;Zhou Ning;Chen Qian;Zuo Chao(Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory,School of Electronic and Optical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210094,China;Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]智能计算成像实验室,南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京理工大学智能计算成像研究院,江苏南京210019 [3]江苏省光谱成像与智能感知重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2021年第18期57-116,共60页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61905115);江苏省基础研究计划前沿引领技术(BK20192003);军委科技委基础加强计划技术领域基金(2019-JCJQ-JJ-381);江苏省青年基金(BK20190445);南京理工大学自主科研基金(30917011204,30920032101);江苏省光谱成像与智能感知重点实验室开放基金(3091801410411)。

摘　　要：光场的相干性是定量衡量其产生显著的干涉现象所具备的重要物理属性。尽管高时空相干性的激光已成为传统干涉计量与全息成像等领域不可或缺的重要工具,但在众多新兴的计算成像领域(如计算摄像、计算显微成像),降低光源的相干性,即部分相干光源在获得高信噪比、高分辨率的图像信息方面具有独特优越性。因此,部分相干光场的“表征”与“重建”两方面问题的重要性日益凸显,亟需引入光场相干性理论及相干测量技术来回答计算成像中“光应该是什么”和“光实际是什么”的两大关键问题。在此背景下,系统地综述了光场相干性理论及相干测量技术,从经典的关联函数理论与相空间光学理论出发,阐述了对应的干涉相干测量法与非干涉相干恢复法的基本原理与典型光路结构;介绍了由相干测量所衍生出的若干计算成像新体制及其典型应用,如光场成像、非干涉相位复原、非相干全息术、非相干合成孔径、非相干断层成像等;论述了相干测量技术现阶段所面临的问题与挑战,并展望了其未来的发展趋势。The coherence of optical field is an important physical property that should be quantified to produce significant interference phenomenon.Although high spatial and temporal coherence lasers have become an essential tool in traditional interferometry and holography,in many emerging computational imaging fields(such as computational photography and computational microscopy imaging),reducing the coherence of the light source,i.e.,using a partially coherent light source,is uniquely advantageous for obtaining high signal-to-noise ratio and high-resolution imaging information.As a result,the importance of“characterization”and“reconstruction”of partially coherent optical fields has become increasing prominent.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce the optical field coherence theory and develop coherence measurement techniques to answer“what light should be”and“what light is”in computational imaging.This paper provides a systematic review in the aforementioned context.The basic principles and typical optical path structures of the interferometric coherence measurement and non-interferometric coherence retrieval methods are described using the classical correlation function and phase space optics theories.Several new computational imaging regimes derived from coherence measurements and their typical applications,such as light-field imaging,non-interferometric phase retrieval,incoherent holography,incoherent synthetic aperture,incoherent cone-beam tomography,are discussed.Further,the challenges faced the current coherence measurement technology are discussed and its future development trend is predicted.

关 键 词：成像系统 相干与统计光学 相干成像 部分相干成像 计算成像 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]