飞行员负性情绪调控颜色偏好调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of pilots'color preference in the process of negative emotion regulation

作　　者：刘娟 白霜 杨蕾 林榕 刘珺 周玉彬 杜健 邓学谦 熊端琴 吴飞飞 葛朝丽 钟方虎 LIU Juan;BAI Shuang;YANG Lei;LIN Rong;LIU Jun;ZHOU Yubin;DU Jian;DENG Xueqian;XIONG Duanqin;WU Feifei;GE Zhaoli;ZHONG Fanghu(Aviation Psychological Center,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心研究部航空心理研究室,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心航空卫生保障与飞行安全研究室 [3]空军特色医学中心空天医学总体论证研究室 [4]空军特色医学中心航空医学工程研究中心

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2021年第4期280-283,共4页Medical Journal of Air Force

摘　　要：目的了解军事飞行员在执行重大任务期间面对紧张、焦虑、失落等情绪时,为缓解心理压力而接受情绪调控时飞行员本人喜欢看到的颜色并对之排序,比较冷色和暖色偏好人数占比的差异,并进一步分析冷暖色偏好不同飞行员的人格差异,为制定针对性较强的个性化心理服务方案提供参考依据。方法通过半结构式访谈调查105名军事飞行员在执行重大任务期间、为缓解负性情绪而接受心理放松训练时喜欢看到的颜色,根据喜欢程度得分进行颜色排序,并采用二项分布检验比较冷色和暖色偏好飞行员人数的占比差异;采用中国大五人格问卷对飞行员进行测评,按冷色和暖色偏好将飞行员分为两组,采用独立样本t检验比较2组飞行员的人格差异。结果飞行员在负性情绪状态下喜欢的颜色共涉及15种,按喜欢程度由高到低排序依次为蓝、绿、红、黑、白、黄、紫、灰、青、橙、金、粉、米、银和浅棕。前6种颜色受到明显偏爱,并且分别有33.33%、15.24%、22.86%、14.28%、7.62%、6.67%等不同比例的飞行员报告是自己“最喜欢”的颜色;对于后9种颜色,报告喜欢的飞行员比例为0.95%~17.14%,飞行员对这9种颜色的报告只是“喜欢”、均达不到“最喜欢”;在负性情绪下,对冷色偏好的人数明显多于对暖色偏好的人数,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对冷暖色偏好不同的飞行员,人格特征的外向性因子得分有极显著差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.01);神经质、严谨性、宜人性和开放性等因子得分差异不显著,均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论负性情绪调控是心理服务的重点内容,可提高飞行员平战时的心理健康水平。未来在心理服务过程中筛选负性情绪调控素材时,应参考飞行员的颜色喜好情况,综合冷暖色调偏好及人格特征进行全面考虑。Objective This paper investigated the colors that military pilots liked to see during major tasks when trying to relieve emotional distress and psychological pressure.On this basis,it further sorted the pilots'favorite colors and compared the differences in the percentage of pilots with cold and warm color preference,then analyzed their differences in personality characteristics.Methods A color preference survey was conducted on 105 military pilots by semi-structured interview and the colors were sorted according to the preference score.The difference in the percentage of pilots with cold and warm color preference was compared by binomial distribution test.The Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire was used to evaluate the pilots'personality.Pilots were divided into two groups according to color preference,and the differences of personality characteristics was compared by independent sample T-test.Results There were 15 colors that pilots liked in negative emotional state,and the preference order from high to low was blue,green,red,black,white,yellow,purple,gray,green,orange,gold,powder,rice,silver and light brown.The top six colors were obviously preferred,respectively with 6.67%~33.33%of the pilots reporting as“favorite”colors.For the last nine colors,the proportion of pilots who reported that they liked them was 0.95%~17.14%.Pilots only“liked”these nine colors,and none of them reached the level of“favorite”;the number of pilots who preferred cold color was significantly higher than that of pilots who preferred warm color(P<0.01);there were significant differences in the scores of E personality characteristics among pilots with warm and cold color preferences(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the scores of N,C,A and O personality characteristics(P>0.05).Conclusion The negative emotion regulation of pilots is the key content of psychological service,when screening negative emotion control materials,we should comprehensively consider the differences between color preference and persona

关 键 词：情绪 颜色偏好 心理学试验 飞行员 

分 类 号：R853[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R395.6[医药卫生—临床医学]