典型桥墩局部冲刷深度公式在不同水文地质区的适用性  

Applicability of Typical Formulas of Local Scour Depth at Bridge Pier in Different Hydrogeological Regions

作　　者：王志华 陈猇 王振 李文虎 张汁 WANG Zhi-hua;CHEN Xiao;WANG Zhen;LI Wen-hu;ZHANG Zhi(Qinghai Traffic Engineering Technical Service Center,Xining Qinghai 810000,China;School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省交通工程技术服务中心,青海西宁810000 [2]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2021年第10期72-81,共10页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：青海省交通运输厅科技项目(2021-02);青海省重点研发与转化计划科技成果转化专项项目(2021-SF-161)。

摘　　要：由于现有桥墩局部冲刷深度计算公式的准确性和普适性不足,对代表性公式进行对比是指导不同地区桥墩基础埋深设计的有效措施。广泛收集了国内外公开的桥墩局部冲刷原型观测数据,对中国规范65-1修正式和65-2式、俄罗斯规范公式及美国规范HEC-18式和S/M式在不同水流、泥沙及桥墩参数条件下的适用性进行分析。结果表明:现有公式在清水冲刷和过渡墩条件下的预测性能较差;中俄规范公式在清水冲刷及床沙相对粒径小于25时,以及中国65-2式及俄罗斯公式在水深小于1 m时应用均不安全;美国规范公式应用于砾石及卵石河床、水深1~5 m、相对粒径小于400、相对水深小于1.4 m等工况将不经济和存在较大不确定性。将所有公式用于柴达木盆地典型桥墩的局部冲刷深度计算并与实测值进行了对比分析,将所有公式用于柴达木盆地典型桥墩的局部冲刷深度的计算并与实测值进行对比分析,发现该地区桥墩的局部冲刷深度小于其他相似水沙条件下的桥梁,最合适依据中国65-2式进行桥墩局部冲刷深度的设计。上述结果可为不同水文地质地区桥墩局部冲刷深度的合理预测提供依据。Due to the imperfection on accuracy and universality of the existing formulas of local scour at bridge piers,comparing the performance of representative formulas is an effective measure to guide the design of the embedment depth of pier foundations in different regions.The observation data of local erosion prototypes of bridge piers published at home and abroad are extensively collected.The applicability of the modified formula 65-1 formula and 65-2 in Chinese standard,the formula in Russian standard and the formula HEC-18 and formula S/M in American standard under different conditions of water flow,sediment and bridge pier parameters are analyzed.The result shows that(1)All these formulas are found to perform poorly under the conditions of clear-water scour and transitional piers.(2)The application of Chinese and Russian formulas tend to unsafe under the conditions of clear-water scour and bed material with relative particle size smaller than 25.The application of Chinese formula 65-2 and Russian formulas in flows with water depth smaller than 1 m are not safe as well.(3)The application of American formulas to gravel and pebble riverbeds,with a water depth of 1-5 m,a relative of less than 400,and a relative water depth of less than 1.4 m,will be uneconomical and there will be large uncertainties.All the formulas are used in the calculation of the local scour depth of typical bridge piers in the Qaidam Basin and compared with the measured values.It is found that the scour depth in this basin is smaller than those of piers in other regions with similar flow and sediment parameters.It is most suitable to design the local scour depth of the bridge piers according to the Chinese formula 65-2.The result can provide a basis for the reasonable prediction of the local scour depth of bridge piers in different hydrogeological regions.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 局部冲刷深度 规范公式 适用性 桥墩基础 

分 类 号：U442.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]