平面光极基本原理及其在土壤微观异质性研究中的应用  

Principle of Planar Optode and Its Application in Investigating Microscale Soil Heterogeneity

作　　者：冉洪芋 叶馨 朱晓艳 王钢 朱堃 RAN Hongyu;YE Xin;ZHU Xiaoyan;WANG Gang;ZHU Kun(College of Land Sciences and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《土壤》2021年第5期916-928,共13页Soils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD020080-02)资助。

摘　　要：传统的土壤理化特性研究往往依赖于异位取样测定方法,样品采集过程通常会破坏土壤的原有结构,忽略了土壤的微观异质性,无法真实地反映土壤实时环境的高度异质性特点。近年来,具有微米级高分辨率的平面光极技术(planar optode)因兼具低扰动和实时原位监测等特性,在土壤生物地球化学过程相关研究中获得越来越多的关注和应用。平面光极基于发光传感原理,将特异性发光指示剂包埋在基质中制成传感膜,利用数字成像技术记录其二维特征发射光谱,通过指示剂发光信号的改变来实时反映溶质的动力学特征。该技术具有实时、原位检测、高分辨率、灵敏度高且仪器设备相对简单的特点,实现了对土壤O_(2)、pH、CO_(2)、NH_(4)^(+)等相关理化参数的实时动态监测。本文综合国内外最新研究,详细阐述了平面光极的系统组成、成像定量方法与特点及其局限,重点总结了平面光极在土壤微观异质性研究中的主要应用,最后对平面光极的发展方向及其在土壤学、农业环境等领域的应用提出展望,旨在为土壤学前沿研究和农业可持续发展提供技术支撑。The conventional study of soil physicochemical properties often relies on the ex-situ sampling and determination,failing to reflect the soil environment’s heterogeneity because of the destructive sampling processes.The process disturbs the original structure and ignores the heterogeneity of soil microsites.In recent years,planar optode with high spatiotemporal resolution has gained more attention in investigating soil biogeochemical processes.Based on the luminescence principle,the specific luminescent indicator that is sensitive to different solutes is embedded into the matrix to make a sensing membrane,then records its two-dimensional emission signals using digital imaging technology.Therefore,high resolution and sensitive dynamic characteristics of solutes can be continuously obtained by changing the indicator luminescence signal with relatively simple experimental configurations.So far,planar optode has been successfully deployed to monitor the dynamics of O_(2),pH,CO_(2),NH_(4)^(+) and other important physicochemical parameters in soil.This paper introduced the main compositions of planar optode system,listed the methods of quantitative analysis,reviewed the main capabilities and limitations and summarized the main applications of planar optode in the study of soil microscale heterogeneity.Further,opportunities of planar optode were discussed for future development and applications in soil science and agricultural environment.

关 键 词：高分辨率 实时原位监测 二维成像 

分 类 号：S151.95[农业科学—土壤学]