腰椎穿刺患儿疼痛体验及陪护家属焦虑水平的多中心调查研究  

A multicenter investigation on the pain experience of children with lumbar puncture and the anxiety level of their families

作　　者：周兰梅 倪春梅 祝凤霞 赵长英 刘国栋 Zhou Lanmei;Ni Chunmei;Zhu Fengxia;Zhao Changying;Liu Guodong(Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225001,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Xuzhou Children′s Hospital,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221006,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学附属医院儿科,江苏扬州225001 [2]江苏省徐州市儿童医院内科,221006

出　　处：《中国医师进修杂志》2021年第10期886-889,共4页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委2017年医学科研面上课题(H201778)。

摘　　要：目的调查住院患儿腰椎穿刺疼痛水平、家属焦虑水平,并分析陪护家属焦虑水平的影响因素。方法采用多中心横断面调查研究,选择2018年7月至2019年12月江苏省四所二级以上医院行腰椎穿刺的190例患儿及陪护家属进行调查,采取FLACC量表、面部表情疼痛量表(WONG-BAKER量表)、视觉模拟量表(VAS)调查患儿的疼痛水平,采用焦虑状态-特质问卷(STAI)调查陪护家属的焦虑水平。结果190例患儿腰椎穿刺前后疼痛水平得分分别为(2.86±1.08)、(6.24±1.59)分,差异有统计学意义(t=24.241,P<0.001)。患儿家属焦虑水平总得分为(73.78±4.67)分,受患儿疼痛评分、患儿年龄、患儿腰椎穿刺次数、腰椎穿刺一次成功、医院级别、家属文化程度、家属性别等因素的影响(调整R^(2)=0.574,F=29.784,P=0.001)。结论住院患儿腰椎穿刺的疼痛感处于较高水平,其陪护家属的焦虑水平也处于较高水平,并受多种因素影响。临床医护人员可对患儿及家属进行分层,采取针对性的方式缓解患儿疼痛及陪护家属的焦虑状况,促使腰椎穿刺的顺利开展。Objective To investigate the pain level of lumbar puncture and family anxiety of hospitalized children,and analyze the influencing factors of family anxiety.Methods A multi-center cross-sectional survey was used to enroll 190 children and their families who underwent lumbar puncture in 4 hospitals of Jiangsu Province from July 2018 to December 2019.The FLACC scale and face pain scale(WONG-BAKER scale)were adopted.The visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to investigate the pain level,and the anxiety state-trait questionnaire(STAI)was used to investigate the anxiety level.Results The pain level scores before and after lumbar puncture were(2.86±1.08)and(6.24±1.59)scores respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(t=24.241,P<0.001).The total anxiety level of the children′s family members was(73.78±4.67)scores,which was affected by factors such as the pain score,the age of the child,the number of lumbar punctures,the success rate of a lumbar puncture,the level of the hospital,the family status,and the education level of the family(adjusted R^(2)=0.574,F=29.784,P=0.001).Conclusions The pain in children is at a high level,and the anxiety level of their family members is also at a high level and is affected by many factors.Clinical medical staff can stratify the children and their families,and adopt targeted methods to relieve the pain of the children and the anxiety of the family members and promote the smooth development of the lumbar puncture.

关 键 词：儿童 脊椎穿刺 疼痛 焦虑 多中心研究 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]