济南市在用典型工程机械分布及排气烟度特性  

Distribution and Exhaust Smoke Characteristics of Typical Construction Machinery in Service in Jinan

作　　者：杨保华 崔焕星 刘树成 李刚[3] Yang Baohua;Cui Huanxing;Liu Shucheng

机构地区：[1]山东省机动车排气污染监控中心 [2]济南汽车检测中心有限公司,济南市250102 [3]中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《工程机械》2021年第10期108-112,I0027,共6页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划—非道路移动源排放标准评估与重要标准研究(2016YFC0208004)。

摘　　要：城市建成区内所用工程机械的污染物排放将直接影响市区内的空气质量,掌握辖区内的工程机械分布及污染物排放情况是制定合理有效控制策略的基础。通过调研,摸底济南市内的叉车、挖掘机、装载机保有量共计13700台,获取机械及其装用发动机的生产时间,并使用自由加速法测试机械烟度排放。结果表明,济南市内保有3类机械基本以国二阶段为主,老旧机械占比较高。从烟度测试结果上来看,随着排放阶段的提升,排气烟度得到了有效控制,但整体达标率依然较低。强化管控市区内的超标机械使用,推进老旧机械排放控制系统升级改造应作为下一步工作重点。The pollutant emission of construction machinery used in urban built-up areas will directly affect the air quality in urban areas.Knowledge of distribution and pollutant emission of construction machinery within the area is the basis for developing appropriate and effective control strategies.Through investigation,it is found that the total number of forklifts,excavators and loaders in Jinan is 13700,the manufacture dates of machines and their engines are obtained,and the smoke emission of machines is tested by using free acceleration method.The results show that the three types of machinery in Jinan are mainly at China stageⅡ,with a large proportion of old machinery.From the smoke test results,it is found that,with development of emission phase,exhaust smoke has been controlled effectively,but the overall compliance rate is still low.Enhancing control of use of unqualified machinery in urban areas and promoting upgrading of emission control system of old machinery shall be the focus of the subsequent work.

关 键 词：工程机械 保有量 自由加速法 排气烟度 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU60[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]