岩体失稳灾害人机环系统监测与灾害防控——智能安全人机工程学及教学实践  

Man-machine-environment System Monitoring and Disaster Prevention&Control for Rock Mass Instability Disaster:Teaching Practice for Intelligent Safety Ergonomics

作　　者：董陇军[1] 邓思佳 闫艺豪 DONG Longjun;DENG Sijia;YAN Yihao(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《安全》2021年第10期1-10,I0003,共11页Safety & Security

基　　金：湖南省教改项目(HNJG-2021-0326);中南大学本科课程建设项目(020208Z10);中南大学教育教学改革研究项目(2020jy015);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021zzts0286)。

摘　　要：为解决地下采矿和隧道工程开挖中,因受应力变化和工程扰动诱发的冒顶、片帮等岩体失稳灾害问题,本文首先对现有岩体失稳监测技术进行比较分析;其次分别阐述岩体环境中人机环系统监测数据的获取方法;随后介绍了自主研发的岩体失稳灾害监测预警系统,包含2种典型的未知波速的三维声源/震源定位方法;最后结合智能安全人机工程学,从灾害的系统预警与控制角度出发,概述了针对人机环预警的系统概念,提出集“监测数据→预警信息→防控方法”为一体的岩体失稳灾害预防与控制技术,可为岩体工程安全高效实施、运行和维护提供理论与技术支撑。In order to solve the problems of rock mass instability disaster such as roof caving and wall caving caused by stress variation and engineering disturbance in underground mining and tunnel engineering excavation,the existing rock mass instability monitoring technologies are compared and analyzed in this paper firstly.Secondly,the acquisition methods of monitoring data of man-machine-environment system in rock mass environment are described separately.Then,the self-developed rock mass instability disaster monitoring and early warning system is introduced,including two typical three-dimensional acoustic emission source/microseismic source localization methods without pre-measured wave velocity.Finally,combined with intelligent safety ergonomics,the concept of man-machine-environment early warning system is summarized from the perspective of disaster early warning and control.The prevention and control technology of rock mass instability disaster integrating“monitoring data→early warning information→prevention and control methods”is proposed.It can provide theoretical and technical support for the safe and efficient implementation,operation,and maintenance of rock mass engineering.

关 键 词：岩体失稳 灾害 人机环 监测技术 定位 防控 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学]