武汉都市圈失独家庭帮扶人员替代性创伤现况及相关因素研究  

Study on current situation and related factors of vicarious traumatization in assisting staffs of loss-of-single-child families in Wuhan metropolitan area

作　　者：芮忠洋 许超 杨蔚蔚 孟婧 李彪[1] RUI Zhong-yang;XU Chao;YANG Wei-wei;MENG Jing;LI Biao(Wuhan Mental Health Center,Hubei Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市精神卫生中心,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2021年第11期77-81,共5页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：武汉市卫生健康委员会资助项目(WX18Q11);湖北省卫生和计划生育委员会联合基金项目(WJ2018H0159)。

摘　　要：[目的]调查武汉都市圈失独家庭帮扶人员替代性创伤(VT)现况及相关因素。[方法]2019年8-9月采用整群抽样的方法调查700例武汉都市圈失独家庭帮扶工作人员,共获得有效问卷635份。收集所有对象的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、帮扶年限、最高学历、家庭人均月收入等一般资料。采用VT问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和社会支持量表评估VT、人格特质(精神质、人格内外倾向、神经质、掩饰)、应对方式(积极应对和消极应对)和社会支持度。采用Logistic回归分析影响VT发生的因素。[结果]635例武汉都市圈失独家庭帮扶人员VT发生率为13.70%,其中VT总分及各因子层面VT发生率分别为4.41%、5.20%、8.98%、7.56%、1.42%、3.46%;VT组已婚和帮扶年限≥3年所占比例低于非VT组(P<0.05),精神质、神经质掩饰性和消极应对评分均高于非VT组(P<0.05),人格内外倾向评分、积极应对、社会支持总分以及各因子主观支持、客观支持、对社会支持利用度评分低于非VT组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,消极应对≥18分是影响VT发生的危险因素(P<0.05),帮扶年限≥3年、人格内外倾向评分≥8分和社会支持评分≥30分是影响VT发生的保护因素(P<0.05)。[结论]武汉都市圈失独家庭帮扶人员中VT发生率为13.70%,临床应关注帮扶人员的应对方式、帮扶年限、人格内外倾向和社会支持度,指导帮扶工作进行。Objective To investigate current situation and related factors of vicarious traumatization(VT)in assisting staffs of loss-of-single-child families in Wuhan metropolitan area. Methods A total of 700 assisting staffs of loss-of-single-child families in Wuhan metropolitan area were investigated by cluster sampling method from August 2019 to September 2019,and 635 valid questionnaires were obtained. The general data such as age, gender, marital status, years of assistance, the highest education level and per capita monthly income in all subjects were collected. VT,personality traits(psychoticism, introversion and extroversion, neuroticism, cover-up),coping styles(positive coping, negative coping)and social support were evaluated by VT questionnaire, Eysenck’s personality questionnaire-R short scale(EPQ-RSC),trait coping style questionnaire(TCSQ)and social support scale. The influencing factors of VT were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of VT among 635 assisting staffs of loss-of-single-child families in Wuhan metropolitan area was 13.70%. VT total score and the incidence of VT at each factor layer were 4.41%,5.20%,8.98%,7.56%,1.42% and 3.46%,respectively. The proportion of cases with married status and assistance years longer than 3 years in VT group was lower than that in non-VT group(P<0.05),scores of psychoticism, neuroticism cover-up and negative coping were higher than those in non-VT group(P<0.05),introversion and extroversion score, active coping, total score of social support, subjective support and objective support of each factor and utilization of social support were lower than those in non-VT group(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that negative coping not lower than 18 points was a risk factor of VT(P<0.05),while years of assistance not shorter than 3 years, introversion and extroversion score not lower than 8 points, and social support score not lower than 30 points were protective factors of affecting TV occurrence(P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of VT is

关 键 词：失独家庭 帮扶人员 替代性创伤 危险因素 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学] R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]