相对贫困城乡差异及社会保障的减贫效应  

Difference of Relative Poverty between Urban and Rural Areas and Poverty Alleviation Effect of Social Security

作　　者：王晶[1] 简安琪 WANG Jing;JIAN An-qi(Institute of Sociology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;School of Social Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院大学社会学院,北京102488

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期18-27,共10页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BSH171)。

摘　　要：利用中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)2015年、2017年、2019年三年调查数据,分析中国城乡相对贫困的差异,并对城乡社会保障政策的减贫效应进行政策评估。研究结果显示,中国城镇的相对贫困水平低于全国的平均水平,而中国农村的相对贫困水平高于全国平均水平,社会保险、医疗报销、社会救助等政策对缓解城乡相对贫困发挥了一定作用,但社会保障制度在城镇和农村的减贫效应存在着很大的差距,城镇社保的减贫效应达到11%,而农村社保的减贫效应仅为2%。农村社会保障覆盖率低、保障水平低抑制了社会保障政策减贫效应的发挥。未来国家需要在多维度上进行社会政策改革,才能逐步缓解相对贫困,促进社会公平。Based on the data of China s Comprehensive Survey of Social Conditions in 2015,2017 and 2019,this paper analyzes the difference of relative poverty and evaluated the poverty alleviation effect of social security policies in urban and rural areas.The results show that the national average relative poverty level is higher than that of Chinese cities and towns and lower than that of Chinese rural areas.Social insurance,medical reimbursement,social assistance,and other policies have played a certain role in alleviating the relative poverty in rural areas,but there is a big gap between the effect of social security in urban and rural areas(11%and 2%respectively).The low coverage rate and level of rural social security have inhibited the poverty reduction effect of related policies.In the future,China needs to carry out multi-dimensional policy reforms on relative poverty alleviation to promote social equity.

关 键 词：相对贫困 社会保障 城乡差异 减贫效应 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]