精准帮扶背景下新疆农村地区家庭发展能力与卫生服务利用的相关性  

Correlation Between Family Development Capacity and Healthcare Utilization in Rural Areas of Xinjiang Under the Background of Targeted Assistance

作　　者：卡迪尔亚·那斯尔 古丽巴哈尔·卡德尔[1] 郭志龙 麦尔当·艾力木[3] 王磊 木开达斯·塔西 NASIER Kadierya(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区卫生健康委员会,新疆乌鲁木齐830001 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830001 [4]伊犁州卫生局,新疆伊犁835000 [5]喀什地区卫校,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《医学与社会》2021年第11期47-52,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目,编号为17BRK030。

摘　　要：目的:了解“精准帮扶”工作背景下新疆农村地区家庭发展能力与卫生服务利用的相关性及其影响因素,为政府促进新疆农村地区社会可持续发展决策提供理论依据。方法:采用目的抽样方法,选取南、北、东疆106个农村基层医疗机构的396位医务人员进行半结构式访谈,通过NVivo 11.0质性分析软件根据扎根理论按照三级编码原则进行分析,并运用帕累托图筛选关键因素、重要因素和一般因素。结果:新疆农村地区家庭的发展能力与其卫生服务利用具有相关性,家庭发展能力对卫生服务利用的影响归类为家庭成员的文化水平、健康意识、人均经济收入、家庭综合发展4个方面,其中经济收入和文化水平为影响卫生服务利用的关键因素(<80%),健康意识和家庭的综合发展为一般因素(>90%)。结论:新疆农村地区家庭的发展能力在不同程度上对卫生服务的利用产生影响,尤其是家庭的经济收入和家庭成员的文化水平影响最大。建议政府为健康的适龄劳动力提供更多的就业机会,缓解家庭的经济压力;加大对南疆地区的教育投资,提高家庭成员的文化水平;实行“先就医后付费”的医疗模式,降低家庭就医成本;加大财政支出比例,优化调整3个疆域的卫生资源配置。Objective:To understand the correlation and influencing factors of family development capacity and healthcare utilization in rural areas of Xinjiang under the background of targeted assistance,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the government to promote the decision-making of social sustainable development in rural areas of Xinjiang.Methods:Using the purposive sampling method,a total of 396 medical staff from 106 rural grassroots medical institutions in southern,northern and eastern Xinjiang were selected for semi-structured interviews.Based on the grounded theory,the three-rank coding analysis was conducted by using the NVivo 11.0 qualitative analysis software and the Pareto chart was used to screen the key factors,important factors and general factors.Results:The development ability of families in rural areas of Xinjiang was related to the healthcare utilization.The influencing factors of family development capacity on the healthcare utilization were classified as the educational level of family members,health awareness,per capita economic income and comprehensive family development.The economic income and educational level were selected as the key factors affecting the healthcare utilization(<80%)and the health awareness and comprehensive family development were the general factors(>90%).Conclusion:The development ability of families in rural areas of Xinjiang affects the healthcare utilization to different degrees.In particular,the economic income of the family and the educational level of family members have the greatest influence.It is suggested that the government should provide more jobs for healthy working-age population to relieve the financial pressure of families and increase the investment in education in southern Xinjiang to promote the educational level of family members.At the same time,it is recommended to implement the"post payment after medical treatment"medical model and reduce the cost of medical treatment of families.The proportion of fiscal expenditure should be increased and the allo

关 键 词：卫生服务利用 家庭发展能力 精准帮扶政策 新疆 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]