两篇“序言”对马克思经济学理论的捍卫  

Two “Prefaces” in Defense of Marx’s Economic Theory

作　　者：王越[1] Wang Yue(School of Marxism,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《经济纵横》2021年第9期10-16,共7页Economic Review Journal

摘　　要：恩格斯晚年对马克思主义政治经济学作出了重要贡献。尤其是在马克思去世之后,他不仅为《资本论》第二卷、第三卷的出版及第一卷的再版做了大量工作,还同攻击和歪曲马克思经济学理论的不同学派进行了论战。这些学派主要攻击马克思的劳动价值论和剩余价值理论。其中,德国国家社会主义者对马克思经济学理论的攻击最具代表性。他们污蔑马克思"剽窃"洛贝尔图斯的剩余价值理论,从而否定马克思在政治经济学领域中的伟大功绩。这样的指责是恩格斯无法接受的。1884年到1885年,恩格斯先后为马克思的著作《哲学的贫困。答蒲鲁东先生〈贫困的哲学〉》德文版和《资本论》第二卷撰写了序言。在这两篇"序言"中,恩格斯对洛贝尔图斯的经济学理论展开批判,驳斥了德国国家社会主义者对马克思的诽谤,捍卫了马克思的经济学理论。Engels made important contributions to Marxist political economy in his later years. Especially after the death of Marx,he not only did a lot of work for the publication of the second and third volumes of Das Kapital,and the reprint of the first volume,but also engaged in controversies with different schools that attacked and distorted Marx’s economic theories. These schools mainly attacked Marx’s labor theory of value and surplus value theory. Among them,the German National Socialists’ attack on Marx’s economic theory is the most representative. They slandered Marx for "plagiarizing"Rodbertus’ s theory of surplus value,thereby denying Marx’s great achievements in the field of political economy. Such accusations are unacceptable to Engels. From 1884 to 1885,Engels successively wrote the preface to the German edition of Marx’s book The Poverty of Philosophy: An Answer to Mr. Proudhon’s Philosophy of Poverty and the second volume of Das Kapital. In these two "prefaces",Engels criticized Rodbertus’ s economic theory and refuted the slander of Marx by the German National Socialists,thus defending Marx’s economic theory.

关 键 词：恩格斯 马克思经济学 劳动价值论 剩余价值理论 人民立场 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]