青鱼-鳙生态混养池塘的氮磷收支研究  

Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets of Mylopharyngodon piceus and Aristichthys nobilis ecological polyculture pond

作　　者：刘璐 李学梅[1] 吴兴兵[1] 朱挺兵[1] 杨德国[1] 朱永久[1] LIU Lu;LI Xue-mei;WU Xing-bing;ZHU Ting-bing;YANG De-guo;ZHU Yong-jiu(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean Oniversity,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第6期63-69,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-46);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助(2020XT1302,2020TD57)。

摘　　要：本研究对青鱼-鳙生态混养池塘的水质状况、氮磷收支和利用率进行了分析。结果显示:养殖期间各水质指标呈波动现象,其中TN(除5月份外)浓度较高,养殖末期(10-11月)含量显著高于其他月份,TP含量在4-6月份急剧上升,7-11月份TP含量显著高于4月份。氮磷收支研究表明,饲料是养殖池塘氮、磷的主要来源,占氮总输入的(87.43±0.19)%,占磷总输入的(94.52±0.09)%。底泥沉积、水体渗漏、吸附等综合积累是氮磷输出的主要项目,分别占氮、磷总输出的(72.07±1.04)%和(85.27±1.08)%,其次是养殖鱼类,终末水层积累的氮磷占总支出的比例较小。养殖池塘的氮、磷平均利用率分别为17.51%和9.78%,青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)对氮、磷的利用率均显著高于鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix),鳙和鲢之间的氮、磷利用率差异不显著。This study analyzed the water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budgets and utilization of the Mylopharyngodon piceus and Aristichthys nobilis ecological polyculture pond.The results showed that the water quality indicators fluctuated during the breeding period.Among them, the concentration of TN(except in May) was relatively high, and the content at the end of aquaculture(10 to 11 months) was significantly higher than that in other months.The content of TP increased sharply from 4 to 6 months, and the range of 7 to 10 months was significantly higher than that in April.Research on the nitrogen and phosphorus budgets showed that feed was the primary source of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture ponds, accounting for 87.43%±0.19% and 94.52%±0.09% of the total input of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively.Sediment deposition, water leakage, adsorption and other comprehensive accumulation were the main nitrogen and phosphorus output items, accounting for 72.07%±1.04% and 85.27%±1.08% of the total output of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, followed by farmed fish.The nitrogen and phosphorus accumulated in the water layer account for a small proportion of the total expenditure.The average nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates in aquaculture ponds were 17.51% and 9.78%,respectively.The nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rates of M.piceus were significantly higher than A.nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix.In contrast, the difference between A.nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix was not significant.

关 键 词：青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus) 鳙(Aristichthys nobilis) 生态混养 氮磷收支 氮磷利用率 

分 类 号：S964.[农业科学—水产养殖]