虾塘养殖船载精准投饵机设计  

Design of Precision Feeding Machine on Board for Shrimp Pond Culture

作　　者：张丽珍[1,2] 刘单寒 陈雷雷 李俊[1,2] 吴迪 ZHANG Lizhen;LIU Shanhan;CHEN Leilei;LI Jun;WU Di(College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Renewable Energy,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋可再生能源工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2021年第5期203-206,210,共5页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划-蓝色粮仓科技创新专项项目(2019YFD0900401);上海市科技兴农项目(2019-02-08-00-10-F01117).

摘　　要：精准投饵是实现精准养殖的关键,为了解决现有投饵机精准性不高的问题,设计了一种船载专用精准投饵机。该投饵机采用抖动下料方式,在下料口设计定量开门装置,采用单片机进行控制。根据实验获取的下料口开度与投饵速度之间的关系,控制系统按照实际需要的投饵速度控制下料口开度,通过超声波测距模块测量到的料箱饲料的下降距离来反馈实时投料量,运用PID控制方法对误差进行动态修正,实时调整下料口开度,精准控制投饵机投饵量。实验结果表明精准投饵机投饵量误差在0.3%以下,满足精准投饵的要求。该投饵机结构简单,生产和维护成本低,便于推广使用,具有较高的实用价值。Accurate feeding is the key to accurate breeding.In order to solve the problem of low accuracy of existing feeding machines,a special precision feeding machine on board is designed.The feeding machine adopts a shaking feeding method,a quantitative opening device is designed at the feeding opening,and a single-chip microcomputer is used for control.According to the relationship between the feeding opening and the feeding speed obtained by the experiment,the control system controls the feeding opening according to the actual feeding speed,and feedbacks the feeding distance of the feeding bin measured by the ultrasonic distance measuring module.The control system uses the PID control method to dynamically correct the error,adjust the opening of the feeding machine in real time,and precisely control the feeding amount of the feeding machine.The experimental results show that the accuracy of the precision feeding machine's feed amount error is less than 0.3%,which meets the requirements of precise feeding.The feeding machine has simple structure,low production and maintenance costs,is convenient for popularization and use,and has high practical value.

关 键 词：投饵机 精准投饵 定量开门装置 下料口开度 单片机 

分 类 号：S969.311[农业科学—水产养殖]