不同改良剂对土壤Cd活化和稻米Cd吸收的阻控效果  

Inhibition and Control Effects of Different Amendments on Cd Activation in Soil and Cd Absorption in Rice

作　　者：柳开楼[1] 万国湲 叶会财[1] 李大明[1] 余喜初[1] LIU Kai-lou;WAN Guo-yuan;YE Hui-cai;LI Da-ming;YU Xi-chu(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Nanchang 331717,PRC;Jiangxi Apiculture Research Institute,Nanchang 330052,PRC)

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西南昌331717 [2]江西省养蜂研究所,江西南昌330052

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2021年第10期40-43,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20203BBFL63063);江西省双千计划项目(jxsq2020102116);江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB214008)。

摘　　要：通过Cd污染环境(土壤Cd含量为1.0 mg/kg)下早稻晚稻种植盆栽试验,比较了有机肥(猪粪、生物黑炭)单施以及与碱性改良剂(石灰、牡蛎壳粉)配施对土壤Cd活化和稻米Cd吸收的阻控效果,并探讨了土壤有效Cd与水稻籽粒Cd之间的相关关系。结果表明:与CK(不添加改良剂)相比,施用改良剂后早稻和晚稻的籽粒产量分别提高了15.52%~36.01%和12.02%~27.28%,籽粒Cd含量分别降低了24.76%~64.53%和4.93%~58.32%,籽粒Cd累积量分别降低了22.27%~51.76%和33.84%~46.95%(单施猪粪处理除外);其中,生物黑炭的降Cd效果显著优于猪粪,配施牡蛎壳粉的降Cd效果优于石灰处理;早稻和晚稻收获后,施用改良剂的土壤有效Cd含量分别比CK降低了35.00%~65.88%和30.93%~68.57%。进一步分析发现,土壤有效Cd含量与水稻籽粒Cd含量可以用线性方程进行较好地拟合(R2>0.70,P<0.05)。这表明有机肥与碱性改良剂配施可以通过钝化土壤有效Cd来快速降低水稻籽粒Cd含量,且生物黑炭与牡蛎壳粉配施的效果较好。Through the pot experiments of early rice and late rice in Cd polluted environment(soil Cd content is 1.0 mg/kg),the inhibition and control effects of the single application of organic fertilizers(pig manure and biochar)and their combined application with alkaline amendents(lime and oyster shell powder)on soil Cd activation and rice Cd absorption were compared,and the correlation between soil available Cd and rice grain Cd was discussed.The results showed that compared with CK(without amendents),the grain yields of early rice and late rice increased by 15.52%-36.01%and 12.02%-27.28%,respectively,the grain Cd content decreased by 24.76%-64.53%and 4.93%-58.32%,respectively,and the grain Cd accumulation decreased by 22.27%-51.76%and 33.84%-46.95%,respectively(except for single pig manure treatment).In particular,the Cd reduction effect of biochar was significantly better than that of pig manure,and the combined application with oyster shell powder was better than with lime;after the harvest of early and late rice,the available Cd content in soil applied with amendents decreased by 35.00%-65.88%and 30.93%-68.57%,respectively compared with CK.Further analyses showed that the soil available Cd content and rice grain Cd content could fit the linear equation well(R2>0.70,P<0.05),which has demonstrated that the combined application of organic fertilizers and alkaline amendments can quickly reduce the Cd content of rice grain by passivating soil available Cd,and the combined application between biochar and oyster shell powder has a better effect.

关 键 词：CD污染土壤 有机肥 碱性改良剂 水稻 籽粒 降Cd效果 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]