采用电测法重型铰接式车架结构优化设计分析  

Optimal Design and Analysis of Articulated Frame Structural Based on Electrical Measurement Method

作　　者：陆孟雄[1] 卿宏军[2,3] LU Meng-xiong;QING Hong-jun(School of Electronic Engineering,Changzhou College of Information Technology,Jiangsu Changzhou 213164,China;School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Hunan Changsha 410082,China;CZ-HNU Institute of Machinery Equipment,Jiangsu Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州信息职业技术学院电子工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]常州湖南大学机械装备研究院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2021年第11期109-113,118,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：江苏省高职院校教师专业带头人高端研修项目(2019GRFX019);常州市科技局高技术研究重点实验室项目(CM20183004);常州信息职业技术学院人才建设项目—“1+1+1”协同培育工程(XTPY201706)。

摘　　要：铰接式车辆具有良好的通过性,适合大载重下载通道运输使用,但车架的受力情况复杂,影响整车的使用寿命。根据此类车辆的运输工况特点,对不同工况下,车架铰接点处主要部件的承载情况进行分析。根据受力分析结果,采用有限单元法进行建模分析,获取不同工况下的应力分布云图,并获取应力集中极值点。采用材料升级和结构优化对车架应力集中点进行优化设计,并对比分析优化前后的应力分布情况。在应力分布的集中点,布置应变片,采用电测法对车架的应力分布进行测试。结果可知:不同工况下,整机各部分强度满足使用要求,但是存在局部应力集中,强度较大的部位为鹅颈处、摆动架前侧轴承处,设计时需要重点关注;采取材料厚度提升的方案,可以保证安全系数达到使用要求;测点的最大值分别为131.201MPa、105.45MPa,与仿真值之间的误差小于6%,同时均小于优化前的数值,表明优化方案是可行的,优化设计结果是可靠的。The articulated truck has good traffic ability,and which is suitable for large load download channel transportation.However,the stress of the frame is complex,which affects the service life of the whole vehicle.According to the characteristics of transportation conditions of this kind of trucks,the bearing conditions of the main components at the hinge joint of the frame un⁃der different conditions were analyzed.According to the results of stress analysis,the finite element method was used to model and analyze,and the stress distribution nephogram under different working conditions was obtained,and the extreme point of stress concentration was obtained.Material upgrading and structural optimization were used to optimize the stress concentration point of the frame,and the stress distribution before and after optimization was compared and analyzed.At the center of the stress distribu⁃tion,strain gauges were arranged,and the stress distribution of the frame was tested by electrical measurement.The results show that:under different working conditions,the strength of each part of the whole machine meets the requirements,but there is local stress concentration,and the parts with greater strength are the gooseneck and the front bearing of the swing frame,which need to be paid attention to during design;the material thickness is adopted.The scheme can ensure that the safety factor meets the re⁃quirements for use.The maximum values of the measurement points are 131.201MPa and 105.45MPa,and the error between the simulation value and the simulation value is less than 6%,and both are less than the value before optimization,indicating that the optimization scheme is feasible.The optimized design results are reliable.

关 键 词：重型铰接式车辆 车架 强度 有限单元法 电测法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U469.3[机械工程—车辆工程]