上海市金山区健康成人麻疹抗体水平及含麻疹成分疫苗接种意愿分析  

Analysis of measles antibody level in healthy adults in Jinshan District,Shanghai and their willingness to inoculate measles containing vaccines

作　　者：王晶晶[1] 李淑华[1] 汤喜红[1] 姚红岑 周杰[1] WANG Jing-jing;LI Shu-hua;TANG Xi-hong;YAO Hong-cen;ZHOU Jie(Jinshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201599,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市金山区疾病预防控制中心,上海201599

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2021年第6期55-58,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市金山区卫生和计划生育委员会青年项目(JSKJ-KTQN-2017-09);上海市卫生和计划生育委员会面上课题(201740074);金山区第六周期医学重点专科建设项目传染病流行病学(JSZK2019B05)。

摘　　要：目的了解金山区健康人群麻疹抗体水平及含麻疹成分疫苗的接种意愿,探索成人麻疹疫苗补充免疫可行性。方法按照15~19岁、20~29岁、30~39岁、40岁及以上4个年龄段分组,按上海市和外来户籍采集血清进行麻疹抗体水平检测及分析。另外进行麻疹知识知晓情况和接种意愿的问卷调查。结果共采集健康成人血清234份,总体麻疹抗体阳性率为85.47%,保护率为35.47%。不同年龄组抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.78,P=0.02),保护率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.97,P<0.0012),阳性率和保护率均以20~29岁组最低,分别为74.19%和24.19%。调查问卷共发出490份,有效回收问卷477份。在麻疹知识的5道题目中,正确率最低的是麻疹的传播途径(48.64%)。麻疹疫苗意愿接种率较高,为85.12%。多因素分析显示,疫苗意愿接种率和开展麻疹知识讲座和知晓程度有关。结论金山区成人麻疹保护性抗体水平较低,麻疹知识宣传不够到位,需要对人员较集中的单位进行麻疹健康宣传。另外要适当对重点人群进行麻疹血清学监测和开展补充免疫,提高麻疹抗体水平。Objective To investigate measles antibody levels in healthy people in Jinshan District and their willingness to inoculate measles containing vaccines,and to explore the feasibility of supplementary immunization with adult measles vaccine.Methods Grouped according to 4 age groups:15-19 years old,20-29 years old,30-39 years old,40 years old and above.Serum was collected for measles antibody level detection and analysis according to the city and foreign household registration.In addition,a questionnaire survey on measles knowledge and vaccination willingness was conducted.Results Of the 234 participants for serum testing,the overall positive rate of measles antibodies(IgG)was 85.47%,and the protection rate was 35.47%.The difference in the positive rate of antibodies in different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.78,P=0.02),and the difference in the protection rate was also statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.97,P<0.0012).The positive rate and protection rate were lowest in the group of 20-29 years old,which were 74.19%and 24.19%,respectively.A total of 490 questionnaires were sent out,and 477 questionnaires were effectively returned.Among the 5 questions about measles knowledge,the lowest correct rate was for the transmission route of measles,which was only 48.64%.The willingness to measles vaccination was 85.12%.Multivariate analysis showed that the willingness to vaccination was related to the level of awareness and health education.Conclusion The level of protective antibodies against measles was low in adults in Jinshan District.Health education on measles was insufficient.It is necessary to conduct measles health publicity in institutions with more concentrated personnel.In addition,appropriate measles serological monitoring and supplementary immunization should be carried out for key populations to increase the level of measles antibodies.

关 键 词：麻疹 抗体水平 意愿接种 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]