废线路板回转式低温热解实验研究  

Experimental study on rotary low-temperature pyrolysis of waste PCBs

作　　者：徐小锋 李冲[1] 黎敏 XU Xiao-feng;LI Chong;LI Min

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038 [2]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第4期7-12,共6页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“废线路板低温热解协同自热回用技术”(2018YFC1902504)。

摘　　要：废线路板含有大量重金属、聚氯乙烯和溴化阻燃剂等有害物质,目前针对废线路板的处置技术大都是回收其中的有价金属,对经济价值较低的玻璃纤维和环氧树脂的处理方法较少,仍然对环境造成二次污染。本文采用自行设计的回转式热解炉放大实验装置,在惰性气氛下进行废线路板低温无氧热解,考察了热解终温、保温时间、升温速率及物料尺寸对废线路板热解率及热解产物产率的影响。实验结果表明,在热解温度为600℃、热解时间45 min、升温速率10℃/min,及颗粒尺寸为50 mm×50mm条件下,废线路板可进行充分热解。热解产物为热解油、热解渣和热解气,热解油经脱卤处理后可用作燃料,热解渣是良好的冶炼原料,热解气经除杂处理后是优良的洁净能源。Waste PCBs contain a large number of harmful substances such as heavy metals,polyvinyl chloride and brominated flame retardants.There is still no appropriate technology for treating the uneconomic glass fiber and epoxy resin therein,resulting in secondary pollution.In this paper,a self-designed rotary pyrolysis furnace was used for low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis of waste PCBs in inert atmosphere.The effects of final pyrolysis temperature,holding time,heating rate and material size on the pyrolysis rate of waste PCBs and pyrolysis product yield were investigated.The experimental results show that the waste PCBs can be fully pyrolyzed under the conditions of pyrolysis temperature of 600℃,pyrolysis time of 45 min,heating rate of 10℃/min and particle size of 50 mm×50 mm.The pyrolysis products are as follows:pyrolysis oil,which can be used as fuel after dehalogenation treatment;pyrolysis residue,a good smelting raw material;and pyrolysis gas,an excellent clean energy after impurity removal treatment.

关 键 词：废线路板 低温热解 回转式热解炉 回转搅拌 热解率 热解油 热解渣 热解气 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF806.12[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]