氨溶-蒸发结晶制取仲钨酸铵和三氧化钨试验研究  

Preparation of ammonium paratungstate and tungsten trioxide by ammonia dissolution-evaporation crystallization process

作　　者：杨娜[1] YANG Na

机构地区：[1]山东工业职业学院,山东淄博256414

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第4期79-85,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：山东省高职院校“名师工作室”建设研究(2017662)。

摘　　要：粗钨酸是黑钨精矿酸解作业后的产品,可以作为制取仲钨酸铵和三氧化钨的原料,实验对粗钨酸进行了氨溶、氨渣碱溶、蒸发结晶等工序进行条件试验。在较优条件试验的基础上进行了综合试验,得出如下结论:推荐流程只采用一次氨溶,氨渣中残留的钨用碱浸回收;黑钨精矿经盐酸分解后获得的粗钨酸直接采用氨溶-蒸发结晶流程处理可获得含WO_(3) 88.46%~88.75%的仲钨酸铵,经煅烧后的WO_(3)纯度> 99.9%,氨渣经碱溶后可充分回收钨,WO_(3)的氨溶率可达到89%以上,碱溶率可达10%以上,WO_(3)的总收率达99%以上,进入产品WO_(3)的直收率75%以上。粗钨酸经氨溶、碱浸出后,钽、铌、锡富集于碱渣中,可作回收钽、铌的原料。As the product of wolframite concentrate acidolysis,crude tungstic acid can be used as the raw material to produce ammonium paratungstate and tungsten trioxide. Orthogonal tests are conducted on such processes of crude tungstic acid as dissolution in aqueous ammonia,alkaline leaching of dissolution residue,evaporation and crystallization. Comprehensive tests are carried out on the basis of better orthogonal tests and conclusions are drawn as follow: recommended process flow only adopts dissolution in aqueous ammonia once and that residual tungsten in dissolution residue is recovered by alkaline leaching. The crude tungstic acid produced from wolframite concentrate acidolysis by hydrochloric acid is directly subject to the process flow of dissolution in aqueous ammonia,evaporation and crystallization so as to obtain ammonium paratungstate with 88. 46% ~ 88. 75% WO_(3). The purity of WO_(3) can exceed 99. 9% after roasting. The residue after dissolution in aqueous ammonia undergoes alkaline leaching to fully recover tungsten. The dissolution rate of WO_(3) in aqueous ammonia can exceed 89% and that in alkaline solution can be over 10%. The total recovery rate of WO_(3) is over 99% and the direct recovery rate surpasses 75%. After crude tungstic acid is subject to dissolution in aqueous ammonia and alkaline leaching,tantalum,niobium and tin are concentrated in caustic dross that can be used as the raw material to recover tantalum and niobium.

关 键 词：粗钨酸 仲钨酸铵 三氧化钨 氨溶 碱浸 总收率 直收率 

分 类 号：TF841.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF803.2