从综合渣中回收碲的工艺研究及应用  

The process of recovering tellurium from mixed residue

作　　者：房孟钊 FANG Meng-zhao

机构地区：[1]大冶有色金属有限责任公司,湖北黄石435002 [2]有色金属冶金与循环利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435002

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2021年第4期91-95,共5页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：大冶有色冶炼厂稀贵车间积压40 t综合渣(湿重),含碲约11 t,还含有少量贱金属和极少量贵金属,为达到工业化处理的目标,本文借鉴从沉金后液中回收碲的工艺路线思路进行探索性试验验证,得到以下结论。采用盐酸-氯酸钠氯化-水解中和法,综合渣中碲的浸出率可以达到99%以上,沉淀率达到77%以上,碲的直收率达到77%以上;采用沉金后液-氯酸钠氯化-水解中和-锌粉置换法,综合渣中碲的浸出率可以达到94%以上,沉淀率达到75%以上,碲的直收率达到71%以上。对比两种方法,沉金后液-氯酸钠氯化法对综合渣中碲的回收更加贴合实际生产应用。工业试验验证,采用沉金后液-氯酸钠氯化-沉铂钯工艺路线处理综合渣得到的铂钯精矿含碲达到29%以上,可回收4.66 t碲,实现利润约165.64万元。The 40 t (wet weight) mixed residue stockpiled in the rare & precious metals plant of Daye Non-ferrous Metals Smelter contains Te of appr. 11 t and a small amount of base metals,as well as a thimbleful of precious metals. To achieve the goal of industrial treatment,an exploratory test has been carried out by drawing on the process route of recovering Te from the solution resulting from gold precipitation,and the following conclusions have been obtained. By adopting the process flow of HCl-chlorination with sodium chlorate-neutralizing hydrolysis,the leaching rate of Te in the mixed residue can reach above 99%,the precipitation rate can be over 77% and the Te yield rate surpasses 77%;by adopting the process flow of solution resulting from gold precipitation-chlorination with sodium chlorate-neutralizing hydrolysis-zinc-dust cementation,the leaching rate of Te can reach above 94%,the precipitation rate above 75% and the yield rate of Te above 71%. The comparison shows that the latter process flow is more applicable for actual production. It has been verified by industrial test that the Pt-Pd concentrate obtained from treating the mixed residue by the process flow of solution resulting from gold precipitation-chlorination with sodium chlorate-Pt-Pd precipitation contains Te of more than 29%,4.66 t Te can be recovered,and a profit of appr.1. 656 4 million CNY can be realized.

关 键 词：综合渣 碲 浸出率 沉淀率 直收率 铂钯精矿 

分 类 号：TF843.5[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TN304.1[电子电信—物理电子学]