废矿物油资源化工艺研究  

Research on Process for Resource Recovery of Waste Mineral Oil

作　　者：冯楠 宋士丽 赵发敏 FENG Nan;SONG Shi-li;ZHAO Fa-min

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《有色冶金节能》2021年第5期30-34,共5页Energy Saving of Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：工业生产过程中产生的大量废矿物油具有较高使用价值。传统的废矿物油再生工艺包括蒸馏-酸洗-白土精制工艺、蒸馏-加氢工艺、蒸馏-溶剂精制工艺,存在产品品质较低、生产连续性差、易产生大量次生危废等问题。为解决上述问题,基于传统工艺,本文采用"减压精馏+离心萃取+溶剂精制"的工艺对废矿物油进行处理。经过预处理、常压脱水、减压精馏、离心萃取、溶剂精制、产品精制等工艺处理后,可得到基础油产品,实现废矿物油的资源化处置。此外,还分析了萃取剂用量、减压精馏塔操作温度、回流比对工艺回收率、产品质量和经济效益的影响。生产中,应根据实际情况选取合适的剂油比、操作温度和回流比。A large amount of waste mineral oil is produced in industrial production, which has high use value. The traditional waste mineral oil regeneration processes includes distillation-acidic-white clay process, distillation-hydrogenation process and distillation-solvent rectification process. These processes have the disadvantages of poor product quality, poor production continuity and being easy to generate large quantity of secondary hazardous waste. In this paper, based on the traditional processes, the process of Rectification under vacuum+Centrifugal extraction+Solvent refining was adopted to handle the waste mineral oil. After being treated by such processes as pre-treatment, normal pressure dewatering, centrifugal extraction, solvent refining, product refining, etc., the base oil product can be obtained to realize the resource recovery of waste mineral oil. Moreover, the impact of extractant use amount, operating temperature of rectification under vacuum and reflux ratio on the process recovery, product quality and economic results was also analyzed. In production, appropriate solvent-oil ratio, operating temperature and reflux ratio should be selected.

关 键 词：废矿物油 减压精馏 离心萃取 溶剂精制 危险废物 回收 资源化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]