低温蓄能型太阳能辅助空气源热泵系统供热与蓄热特性研究  

Experimental study on characteristics and performance of solarassisted air source heat pump based on low temperature thermal energy storage

作　　者：胡文举[1] 胡鹏程 邵正日 常默宁 杨灵艳 Hu Wenju;Hu Pengcheng;Shao Zhengri;Chang Moning;Yang Lingyan(Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing Key Lab of HVAC,Beijing 100044,China;Yingkou Institute of Technology,School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Yingkou 115000,China;China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学供热供燃气通风及空调工程北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [2]营口理工学院机械与动力工程学院,辽宁营口115000 [3]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《可再生能源》2021年第11期1455-1462,共8页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0103000);国家安全与环境重点实验室开放基金项目(BSBE2017-6);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(X18242,X18243)。

摘　　要：文章基于结冰释热和融冰蓄热运行模式,对低温蓄能型太阳能辅助空气源热泵系统特性开展了实验研究。实验结果表明:结冰释热运行模式下,相变蓄能换热器内结冰率达到56.03%时,压缩机平均供热性能系数为4.14,其中,潜热供热阶段的平均供热性能系数为3.91,这说明以水作为低温相变蓄能材料时,通过合理设计相变蓄能换热器结构与控制其结冰率,可以实现热泵的高效运行;蓄热循环热水的供水温度和流量是影响相变蓄能换热器的蓄热速度的重要参数,当蓄热循环热水的供水温度与流量的乘积低于0.3333 kg·℃/s时,所需蓄热时间较长,不适合冬季日间进行太阳能蓄热;提高蓄热循环热水的流量和供水温度有助于提高相变蓄能换热器的蓄热速率,增加蓄热量;当蓄热循环热水的供水温度较低时,相变蓄能换热器的蓄热速率随蓄热循环热水流量的增加呈线性增加,但当蓄热循环热水的供水温度升高时,相变蓄能换热器蓄热速率的增加速度随蓄热循环热水流量的增加而减小。因此,应结合蓄热输送能耗与太阳能集热效率对蓄热循环热水的供水温度和流量进行优化。Experimental study on characteristics and performance of a kind of solar-assisted air source heat pump(SAASHP)based on low temperature thermal energy storage was carried out when the SAASHP was operated in ice thermal energy release and storage modes.Results showed that the average coefficient of performance of the ASHP’s compressor was 4.14 when the icing rate in fin-tube type PCM based heat exchanger reached 56.03%,and the compressor’s average coefficient of performance in latent heat heating stage was 3.91.It was indicated that high coefficient of performance could be achieved for the heat pump by reasonably designing of the PCM based heat exchanger and controlling of the icing rate in the PCM based heat exchanger when water was used as the PCM.The temperature and flow rate of circulating hot water into PCM based heat exchanger for thermal energy storage were two important parameters affecting the heat storage speed.When the product of circulating hot water temperature and flow rate was less than 0.3333 kg·℃/s,it was not suitable for daytime solar energy storage in winter due to long heat storage time.It was helpful to improve heat storage speed by increasing circulating hot water flow rate.And increasing the temperature of circulating hot water was good for improvement of heat storage speed and capacity and good for increase of sensible heat storage proportion.When the circulating hot water temperature was low,the heat storage speed increased linearly with the increase of water flow rate,but with the increase of water temperature,the heat storage speed increased slowly with the increase of circulating hot water flow rate.So it was necessary to optimize the circulating hot water temperature and flow rate with comprehensive consideration of the transportation energy consumption during heat storage and of the efficiency of solar energy collection.

关 键 词：太阳能辅助空气源热泵 低温蓄能 结冰释热 融冰蓄热 

分 类 号：TK519[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]