法治行政:中国公共行政学的法律路径——一项新的研究议程  

Rule of Law as the Foundation of Public Administration:The Legal Approach to Public Administration in China——A New Research Agenda

作　　者：向淼 郁建兴 Xiang Miao;Yu Jianxing(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072,China;Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,310018,China;Academy of Social Governance,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310058,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,武汉430072 [2]浙江工商大学,杭州310018 [3]浙江大学社会治理研究院,杭州310058

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2021年第4期1-9,165,共10页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)(413000062);浙江大学国家制度研究院重大委托项目(YQWT2001)。

摘　　要：行政与法的关系尤其是"管理主义-法律主义"之争是公共行政学的经典议题。在美国行政国家和行政学分别遭遇法律危机和身份危机后,法治行政主张找回被忽视的法治价值并将其重新确立为公共行政的理论基础和行政国家运作的规范依据,形成了公共行政学在管理、政治之外的第三条道路。对中美法治行政的比较分析表明,与美国在完成国家建构后试图调整行政国家的角色并协调法治与新治理不同,中国党政复合体制既要以政党统筹法治与行政从而完成历时性的国家建构任务,又要解决共时性的治理与法治调适难题,其制度基础和核心目标、理论定位和分析进路都具有中国特色。在法治轨道上推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,要求中国公共行政学把法治提上研究议程,探讨法治行政的学科定位与理论内涵、宏观治理体制与模式、微观互动与具体实践以及专业学习和教育培训等兼具普遍性和特殊性的新议题。The objective of this paper is to emphasize the value of rule of law in the field of public administration,and summarize the development of the legal approach to public administration in the US. Also,the study builds a theoretical framework for the legal approach to public administration in China. This study first summarizes the three-perspective framework of politics,management,and law in public administration developed by Rosenbloom,then compares the history and institution of the legal approach to public administration between US and China. It founds that the legal approach to public administration in the US and China have different institutional foundations,core goals and analytical approaches. Different from the legal approach to public administration in the US which focuses on limiting the activities of the administrative state and balancing the rule of law and new governance,China’s public administration research usually neglects the value of rule of law.The legal approach to public administration in China needs to pay more attention to state building which embodies Chinese characteristics. The main limitation of this study is that it focuses more on the theoretical development and institutional basis of public administration based on literature analysis. The lack of empirical analysis makes it difficult to discuss specific questions regarding law and public administration. However,this study highlights the role of rule of law in public administration. By comparing the legalistic approach to public administration between US and China,this study proposes to put the rule of law on the new research agenda,discussing issues like the relationship between the subject of law and public administration,law and the macro governance system,law and local governance,as well as legal study for public administration students and practitioners,which are universally applicable and specific to China.

关 键 词：行政国家 公共行政 法治 国家治理 治理现代化 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]