“尼克松冲击”下的台日“断交”分析:一种非意图性的规制作用  

An Analysis of Taiwan-Japan“Severance of Diplomatic Relations”under the“Nixon Shock”:An Unintentional Regulatory Effect

作　　者：黄继朝 Huang Jichao

机构地区：[1]深圳大学社会科学学院

出　　处：《台海研究》2021年第3期85-97,共13页Cross-Taiwan Strait Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“冷战以来美日干涉我国台湾问题的共识、分歧及其联动机制研究”(20YJCGAT001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1972年,美国尼克松政府的突然访华给其东亚盟友日本与台湾地区带来所谓的"尼克松冲击",继而引发中日复交暨台湾地区与日本"断交"的影响东亚国际关系史进程的重要事件。目前,不少研究都认知到中日复交暨台湾地区与日本"断交"背后有着"尼克松冲击"的影响,但对于"尼克松冲击"导致台湾地区与日本"断交"的具体作用机制的揭示还不甚清晰。鉴于此,文章在借鉴系统效应理论的基础上,提出美国对于台日"断交"的非意图性规制作用的分析逻辑。首先,"尼克松冲击"下日本加速推动中日复交暨台湾地区与日本"断交"进程。这并非是美国有意去推动的,它属于尼克松访华的意图外结果;其次,日本启动加速中日复交后美国表态默许,同时美国拒绝台湾方面对日"外交"之求助,又体现出美国希望台湾认清时势、接受被"断交"事实的主观规制作用。In 1972,the unexpected visit of the U.S.Nixon administration to China brought the so-called“Nixon shock”to its East Asian ally(Japan and Taiwan),which in turn triggered the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Japan,and also the breaking of“diplomatic relations”between Taiwan and Japan.Many scholars are aware of the impact of the“Nixon shock”on Taiwan-Japan“severance of diplomatic relations”.However,it is still not very clear how the“Nixon shock”caused the breakup of“diplomatic relations”between Taiwan and Japan.In view of this,based on the theory of“system effect”,this article proposes an analysis framework for the United States’unintentional regulation concerning the severance of Taiwan-Japan“diplomatic relations”.Firstly,Japan accelerated the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Japan under the“Nixon shock”,but it was an unintended result of Nixon’s visit to China,and was not deliberately promoted by the United States.Secondly,the United States acquiesced in Japan’s resumption of diplomatic relations with China,and rejected Taiwan’s“diplomatic”request simultaneously.It also reflected the United States’subjective regulatory role that expectedTaiwan to recognize and accept the situation of this“diplomatic failure”.

关 键 词：“尼克松冲击” 台日“断交” 非意图性 美国 系统效应 

分 类 号：D822.331.3[政治法律—政治学] D822.371.2[政治法律—外交学] D675.8