青海高原草地净初级生产力和降水利用效率时空特征  

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Grassland Net Primary Productivity and Precipitation Use Efficiency in Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：黄小涛 姚步青[1,2,3] 马真 周华坤[1,2,3] HUANG Xiao-tao;YAO Bu-qing;MA Zhen;ZHOU Hua-kun(Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Cold Regions Restoration Ecology,Xining,Qinghai Province 810001,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Science,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《草地学报》2021年第S01期19-26,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：西部之光(放牧对青海湖流域草地生产力影响的定量研究);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(42067070);青海省自然科学基金面上项目(2020-ZJ-925);三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室开放基金(2021-KF-08)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了探究青海高原草地净初级生产力(Net primary productivity,NPP)和降水利用效率(Precipitation use efficiency,PUE)的时空特征,基于遥感估算的NPP数据和降水空间插值数据,采用地理空间统计法分析了2001—2017年青海高原草地NPP和PUE的时空特征。结果表明:2001—2017年青海高原草地NPP均值为42.81 gC·m^(-2),其中高值区域主要分布在青海高原的东部和南部,低值区域主要分布在青海高原的西北部。2001—2017年青海高原草地NPP年际变化总体较为平稳,以年均速率0.09 gC·m^(-2)呈微弱的波动上升。2001—2017年青海高原草地PUE均值为0.089 gC·m^(-2)·mm^(-1),其中高值区域主要分布在青海高原的东部和南部,低值区域主要分布在青海高原的西部和西北部。2001—2017年青海高原草地PUE年际变化呈微弱的波动下降趋势,下降速率为年均0.0023 gC·m^(-2)·mm^(-1)。2001—2017年青海高原草地PUE年际变化整体上与降水年际变化为负相关。本研究为青海高原草地可持续利用提供了重要理论参考和数据支撑。To explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of grassland net primary productivity(NPP)and precipitation use efficiency(PUE)in Qinghai,the spatial and temporal characteristics of NPP and PUE in Qinghai grassland from 2001 to 2017 were analyzed through spatial statistics of geographic information system based on the remote sensing NPP data and precipitation spatial interpolation data released by the national Qinghai-Tibet Plateau scientific data center.The results showed that:From 2001 to 2017,the average NPP of Qinghai grassland was 42.81 gC·m^(-2).The high values were mainly distributed in the east and south of Qinghai Plateau,and the low values were mainly distributed in the northwest of Qinghai Plateau.From 2001 to 2017,the annual variation of grassland NPP in Qinghai Plateau was relatively stable,with an average annual rate of 0.09 gC·m^(-2).The average PUE of Qinghai grassland from 2001 to 2017 was 0.089 gC·m^(-2)·mm^(-1).The high values were mainly distributed in the east and south of Qinghai Plateau,and the low values were mainly distributed in the west and northwest of Qinghai Plateau.From 2001 to 2017,the annual change of PUE in Qinghai grassland showed a weak fluctuating downward trend,with an average annual decline rate of 0.0023 gC·m^(-2)·mm^(-1).From 2001 to 2017,the interannual variation of PUE in Qinghai grassland was negatively correlated with the interannual variation of precipitation.This study provides an important theoretical reference and data support for sustainable utilization of grassland in Qinghai Plateau.

关 键 词：净初级生产力 降水利用效率 时空特征 青海高原 草地 

分 类 号：S283[农业科学—农业水土工程]