南京市江北新区化工工人与钢铁工人慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among chemical workers and steel workers in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area

作　　者：杨震[1] 朱蛇锁 杨帆[3] 谢之俭 YANG Zhen;ZHU She-suo;YANG Fan;XIE Zhi-jian(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Affiliated Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital of Nantong Univesity,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210048,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属南京江北医院呼吸内科,江苏南京210048 [2]南京南钢医院职业病科,江苏南京210048 [3]南通大学附属南京江北医院健康管理中心,江苏南京210048 [4]南京南钢医院健康管理中心,江苏南京210048

出　　处：《中国临床研究》2021年第10期1388-1391,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Research

基　　金：南京市医学科技一般性课题(YKK18240)。

摘　　要：目的了解南京市江北新区化工产业工人和钢铁产业工人慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患病率,发现主要职业危害因素,为相关产业工人职业防护提供有益帮助。方法收集2019年1月1日至2020年9月30日在南京江北医院健康管理中心接受职业体检的9509例化工产业工人和在南京南钢医院健康管理中心接受职业体检的5764例钢铁工人的肺功能数据、职业信息,并对符合COPD的患者进行相关职业危害因素调查。结果南京市江北新区化工工人COPD现患率9.66%(919/9509),钢铁产业工人COPD现患率13.55%(781/5764),后者COPD患病率显著高于前者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=54.760,P<0.01)。化工产业工人COPD患者的职业危害因素以接触刺激性气体(氮氧化合物、氨气、氯气和苯化合物)为主,高达88.90%;钢铁产业工人COPD患者的职业危害因素以粉尘(硅尘和金属烟尘)为主,高达88.22%。结论化工产业工人和钢铁产业工人COPD现患率有差异,其相关职业危害因素不同,根据不同生产工艺改进生产流程,才能保护产业工人健康。Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)among workers in chemical industry and iron and steel industry in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area to explore the main occupational hazard factors and provide a useful guide for occupational protection of workers employed in related industries.Methods Among 9509 chemical industry workers in Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital and 5764 steel workers in Nanjing Nangang Hospital,respectively receiving occupational physical examination from January 1,2019 to September 30,2020,the data of pulmonary function and occupational information were collected,and the relevant occupational hazard factors in the patients confirmed with COPD were investigated.Results The prevalence of COPD in chemical workers[9.66%(919/9509)]was significantly lower than that[13.55%(781/5764)]in iron and steel workers(χ^(2)=54.760,P<0.01).The occupational hazard factors of COPD patients were mainly exposed to irritant gases(nitrogen oxides,ammonia,chlorine and benzene compounds)in chemical industry,accounting for 88.90%and were mainly dust(silica dust and metal dust)in iron and steel workers,accounting for 88.22%.Conclusions There is difference in the prevalence rate of COPD between chemical industry workers and iron and steel industry workers,and their related occupational hazard factors are different.The health of industrial workers can be protected by improving production process on the basis of different production technology.

关 键 词：化工工人 钢铁工人 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 职业危害 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]