浅谈腾冲地块与稀土矿有关的岩浆岩成矿专属性  

Simple Introduction on Magmatic Mineralization Specificity Related to REE Deposits in Tengchong Block

作　　者：明添学 杨清标 唐忠 杨爱平 张传昱 余海军 Ming Tianxue;Yang Qingbiao;Tang Zhong;Yang Aiping;Zhang Chuanyu;YuHaijun(Institute of Yunnan Geology Survey,Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,Ministry of Natural and Resources,Kunming 650051,China;Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地质调查院,自然资源部三江成矿作用及资源勘查利用重点实验室,云南昆明650051 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2021年第5期723-733,共11页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20190379);中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心项目(DD20179604-07);云南省地质勘查基金项目(Y202003)联合资助。

摘　　要：目前,腾冲地块已初显国家级稀土矿战略后备基地雏形,但整体研究程度仍偏低,稀土矿床的成矿规律、成矿模式等方面的研究趋于空白。在前人研究的基础上,结合近年稀土矿勘查工作成果,通过研究腾冲地块不同时代、不同岩性的岩浆岩与稀土矿产出关系,取得以下认识:腾冲地块稀土矿床(点)成矿母岩时代有三叠纪(印支期)、白垩纪(燕山期)、古近纪和第四纪(喜马拉雅期),以古近纪(喜马拉雅期)为主;岩石类型有二长花岗岩、花岗斑岩、钾长花岗岩、英云闪长岩等,以二长花岗岩为主;成矿母岩都具有高硅(68%~78%)、富铝(12%~15%)、富碱(WB(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O)值7.5%~10.6%,多数大于8%)、富钾(钾大于钠)特征,且稀土元素丰度较高;以轻稀土矿为主,仅有个别重稀土矿。腾冲地块发育有轻稀土矿与重稀土矿成矿母岩,具有得天独厚的稀土成矿条件,仍具有较大的找矿潜力。在今后地质工作中,应提高重视加强对稀土矿找矿勘查工作,尤其是古近纪岩体分布区、重稀土矿成矿母岩分布区,如陇川—盈江、新岐、古永地区。同时,对已发现的锡矿、铁矿等矿床,综合评价其花岗岩风化壳型稀土矿。Tengchong block show the embryonic form of national rare earth mineral strategic reserve base,but the study on the metallogenic rules and model of REE depositsare are not enough.Base on the previous studies and combined with the achievements of rare earth mineral exploration in recent years,research on the different ages and lithologiesmagmatic rocks with the rare earth mineral occurrence in Tengchong block,knows that:The metallogenic body rocks were Triassic(Indosinian),Cretaceous(Yanshanian),Paleogene and Quaternary(Himalayan)in Tengchong block,with mainly Paleogene(Himalayan).The rock types include monzogranite,granite porphyry,moyite,tonalite,etc.,most of which were monzogranite.The ore-forming rocks are characterized by high SiO_(2)(68%~78%),Al_(2)O_(3)(12%~15%),alkali(w_(B)(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O)is 7.5%~10.6%,most of which are over 8%),and high K_(2)O(potassium is greater than sodium),with high REE content.Mainly REE deposits are light rare earth minerals,only a few heavy rare earth minerals.It has developed light and heavy rare earth minerals in metallogenic body rocks,which has advantage to rare earth metallogenic conditions and still has great prospecting potential.In the future geological work,we should pay more attention to the prospecting and exploration of rare earth minerals,especially the distribution areas of paleogene rock mass and metallogenic body rocks of heavy rare earth minerals,such as Longchuan-Yingjiang,Xinqi and Guyong regions.At the same time,the granite weathering crust type rare-earth ore deposits,such as tin deposits and iron deposits have been comprehensively evaluated.

关 键 词：腾冲地块 岩浆岩 稀土矿 成矿专属性 

分 类 号：P618[天文地球—矿床学]