基于连通性分析的采煤塌陷地复垦利用潜力评价  

Evaluation of reclamation and utilization potential of coal mine subsidence based on connectivity analysis

作　　者：苏学武 张绍良 侯湖平[1,2] 杨永均 唐立羽[1,2] 张统 顾春芬[3] 纵博 SU Xuewu;ZHANG Shaoliang;HOU Huping;YANG Yongjun;TANG Liyu;ZHANG Tong;GU Chunfen;ZONG Bo(School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Engineering Research Center for Mine Ecological Restoration of Ministry of Education,Xuzhou 221116,China;Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Xuzhou,Xuzhou 221018,China)

机构地区：[1]矿山生态修复教育部工程研究中心,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]徐州市自然资源和规划局,江苏徐州221018

出　　处：《中国矿业》2021年第11期42-49,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:51874307;41807515)。

摘　　要：新时代采煤塌陷地复垦要求构建科学合理的现代规模农业发展格局,然而以往采煤塌陷地治理项目仅仅针对地块条件,较少考虑地块间的连通性问题,制约了复垦利用成效。本文首先对未修复采煤塌陷地地块与周边耕地进行景观连通性评价;然后以耕地为复垦导向建立了采煤塌陷地复垦利用潜力评价指标体系和评价模型,评价了研究区的采煤塌陷地复垦利用潜力。研究表明:徐州市采煤塌陷地复垦为耕地后对耕地生态网络结构的贡献程度均较高,连通性水平1级至3级的采煤塌陷地占总面积均超过98%;徐州市共有采煤塌陷地11121.27 hm^(2),有面积为7906.22 hm^(2)的塌陷未积水区景观连通性较高;其中,复垦利用潜力为1级至3级的塌陷地适宜复垦为耕地,面积为6060.57 hm^(2),占比76.65%。基于连通性分析的采煤塌陷地复垦利用潜力评价,可以为采煤塌陷地复垦专项规划提供科学依据,促进采煤塌陷地科学合理展开修复,缓解地区土地利用瓶颈约束。The reclamation of coal mine subsidence in the new era requires the establishment of a scientific and rational agricultural development pattern.However,in the past,coal mine subsidence management projects only targeted the conditions of the plots,and less considered the connectivity between the plots,which restricted the effectiveness of reclamation and utilization.In this paper,the landscape connectivity of unrepaired coal mine subsidence and surrounding cultivated land is evaluated firstly;an index system and evaluation model for the reclamation and utilization potential of coal mine subsidence are established for reclamation guidance.Finally,this paper evaluates the reclamation and utilization potential of coal mine subsidence in the research area.The results show that the reclamation of coal mine subsidence in Xuzhou city has a high degree of contribution to the cultivated land ecological network structure after reclamation into cultivated land.The coal mine subsidence with connectivity level 1 to level 3 account for more than 98%of the total area.Xuzhou city has a total of 11121.27 hm^(2) of coal mine subsidence,of which 7906.22 hm^(2) of collapsed but no water accumulation areas have high landscape connectivity.Among them,subsidence land with reclamation utilization potential of level 1 to level 3 is suitable for reclamation as cultivated land,with an area of 6060.57 hm^(2),accounting for 76.65%.Evaluation of reclamation and utilization potential of coal mine subsidence based on connectivity analysis can provide a scientific basis for the special planning for the reclamation of coal mine subsidence,promote scientific and rational reclamation and utilization of coal mine subsidence areas,and alleviate the constraints of regional land use bottlenecks.

关 键 词：采煤塌陷地 复垦利用潜力 连通性 层次分析法 徐州市 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]