2020年汛期黄河流域降水特征及天气成因综述  

Overview of the Precipitation Characteristics and Weather Causes in the Flood Season of the Yellow River in 2020

作　　者：张利娜[1] 王鹏[1] 范国庆[1] ZHANG Lina;WANG Peng;FAN Guoqing(Hydrological Bureau of Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第11期29-34,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402704)。

摘　　要：利用水文站报汛数据以及常规气象观测资料,以1981—2010年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2020年汛期黄河流域主要雨洪过程,概述逐月环流特征和主要降水过程的影响系统、范围及累计降水量。汛期主要特点是流域降水过程频繁、局地极端性强、降水落区重叠度高、编号洪水多。主汛期北半球极涡偏强,冷空气活动频繁,同时西太平洋副热带高压持续偏强,面积偏大,西伸脊点持续偏西,脊线整体偏南,阶段性偏北,造成黄河上游6—8月降水持续偏多,出现3次编号洪水,流域降水6—7月接近常年,8月明显增多,黄河中游出现3次编号洪水和3次小洪水过程,8月大汶河连续出现4次洪水过程。According to the flood report data from the hydrological station and the conventional meteorological observation data,taking the 30-year average precipitation from 1981 to 2010 as the climatic state,the main rain and flood processes in the Yellow River Basin during the flood season in 2020 were recorded and the monthly circulation characteristics and the influence system,scope and cumulative precipitation of the main precipitation processes were summarized.The main characteristics of the flood season are frequent precipitation processes in the basin,strong local extremes,high overlapping of precipitation areas,and more serial number floods.During the main flood season,the northern hemisphere polar vortex is stronger and cold air activities are frequent.Meanwhile,the Western Pacific Subtropical High grows stronger and larger in the area.The west extension ridge point turns westward continuously,and the ridge line is generally southern and northern in stages,causing the upper reaches of the Yellow River more precipitation from June to August and arising three serial number floods.The precipitation in the Yellow River Basin is close to normal from June to July.In August it increases significantly,arising three serial number floods and three small floods in the middle of the Yellow River and four floods in the Dawen River.

关 键 词：汛期 降水特征 洪水 天气成因 黄河 

分 类 号：P458.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]