双季稻秸秆还田下减施钾肥对水稻生长和产量的影响  

Effect of double-season rice straw returning to the field and reducing potassium fertilizer on rice growth and yield

作　　者：袁伟 王子阳 马贤超 周正萍 陈婉华 刘世平 YUAN Wei;WANG Zi-yang;MA Xian-chao;ZHOU Zheng-ping;CHEN Wan-hua;LIU Shi-ping(Key Experiment of Plant Genetics Physiology in Jiangsu Province,Key Laboratory of Plant Cultivation Physiology in Jiangsu Province,Jiangsu Province Food Crops Modern Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室,江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第5期83-88,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200107);科技部国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD01B03);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目。

摘　　要：探明秸秆还田和减施钾肥对水稻生长和产量的影响,为双季稻稻作区秸秆还田和钾肥的合理运用提供理论依据,2018~2019年在江西进行了2年试验,早稻和晚稻均按不同施钾量设6个处理。秸秆还田结合减施钾肥,对植株的生长性状影响不明显;减施钾肥,水稻穗数、粒数略有下降,在生产上减少10%到30%的施钾量,对水稻实际产量无明显影响。减施钾肥在一定程度上减少秸秆和籽粒中全氮、全钾的含量,而对全磷含量影响不大,植株的吸钾量有所减少,但钾素稻谷生产效率和农学钾素利用效率有增加的趋势。The effects of returning straw into the field and reducing potassium fertilizer on rice growth and yield were investigated,and provided theoretical basis for the rational use of straw returning to the field and potassium fertilizer in the double-cropping rice cropping area.Two years of trials were conducted in Jiangxi from 2018 to 2019.For both the early and late rice,6 treatments were set up according to different potassium application rates.Returning straw to the field combined with reduced application of potassium fertilizer had little effect on the growth characteristics of plants.Reduced application of potassium fertilizer slightly reduced the number of rice ears and grains,and reduced the amount of potassium in production by 10%to 30%,which had no obvious effect on the actual output of rice.Reduced potassium fertilizer application reduced the content of total nitrogen and total potassium in straws and grains to a certain extent,but had little effect on total phosphorus content.The potassium uptake of plants was reduced,but there was an increasing trend with potassium rice production efficiency and agronomic potassium utilization efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 秸秆还田 钾肥减量 产量 养分含量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]