激光衍射法线缆外径测量仪设计与测试  

作　　者：李宏达[1] 吕佳昊 薛宸浩 韩梦凯 王超明 

机构地区：[1]沈阳理工大学装备工程学院,辽宁沈阳110159 [2]沈阳东科拉科技有限公司,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2021年第32期31-35,共5页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术厅项目(编号:XLYC1902047)。

摘　　要：当前,线缆外径测量仪主流传统的激光扫描测量方法,具有测量误差较大且电机需要频繁维护的不足,为了改进这些不足,通过对现有的激光外径测量仪的分析与研究,基于激光衍射法测量技术,研发了相关激光测径仪。此设备采用CCD阵列传感器和相互垂直的两个脉冲激光光源,单次曝光仅0.1μs,可对抖动的工件等瞬间变动的测量物进行清晰识别,通过复杂算法进行处理及相关数据计算获得被测物体的外径尺寸,且具有通过RS485通信接口在计算机上实现实时显示测量数据的功能。并对误差进行了测试,测试结果表明,激光测径仪可以测试的区域范围是0.1-35mm,误差允许范围不大于±2.5μm,导致误差的原因包括光源带来的误差,需要注意光斑的大小、光线的准直程度以及光斑的均匀性。但是如果在边缘定位中运用拟合法,然后通过阈值判断边缘位置时,那么光斑的均匀性一定要高。另外线阵CCD图像采集器也可引入误差,线阵CCD所使用的为TCD1703C,它的每个像元尺寸长度是7μm,如没有对测量结果进行边缘细分的处理时,测量的准确度最大也就只能达到7μm的分辨率,另外线阵CCD图像采集器在图像采集过程中噪声污染也是客观存在的。At present,the mainstream traditional laser scanning measurement method of the cable outer diameter measuring instrument has the deficiency of large measurement error and frequent maintenance of the motor.In order to improve these shortcomings,through the analysis and research of the existing laser outer diameter measuring instrument,based on the laser diffraction measurement technology,the related laser diameter measuring instrument is developed.This equipment adopts CCD array sensor and two pulsed laser light sources perpendicular to each other,and the single exposure is only 0.1μs,thereby can clearly identify the instantly changing measuring objects such as the dithered workpiece,obtain the outer diameter size of the measured object through complex algorithm processing and related data calculation,and has the function of real-time displaying the measured data on the computer through the RS485 communication interface;and then the error is tested.The test results show that the area that can be tested by the laser calibrator is 0.1~35 mm,and the allowable error range is not more than±2.5μm.The causes of the error include the error caused by the light source,the size of the light spot,the collimation of the light and the uniformity of the light spot.However,if the fitting method is used in the edge location,and the edge position is judged by the threshold,then the uniformity of the spot must be high.There are also linear CCD image collectors that can introduce errors.Linear CCD uses TCD1703C,and its length of each pixel is 7μm.If there is no edge subdivision of the measurement results,the maximum measurement accuracy can only reach the resolution of 7μm.In addition,the noise pollution of linear CCD image collector always exists objectively in the process of image acquisition.

关 键 词：激光衍射 激光测径仪 CCD 测量设备 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]