饲喂甘草茎叶对奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃微生物的影响  

Effect of feeding the stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations in dairy cow

作　　者：郭同军[1] 罗永明[1] 侯良忠 魏勇 王锡波[1] GUO Tong-jun;LUO Yong-ming;HOU Liang-zhong;WEI Yong;WANG Xi-bo

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院饲料研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆奎屯市一三一团奶牛场,新疆奎屯833200

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第18期21-24,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(项目编号:2020A01001-3)。

摘　　要：研究奶牛饲喂甘草茎叶后对瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物的影响。试验选取20头健康的泌乳后期(258±12)d的荷斯坦奶牛,根据产奶量、分娩时间和胎次进行配对试验设计,分为对照组(苜蓿添加组)和试验组(甘草茎叶添加组),每组10个重复。试验期28 d。结果显示,试验组的瘤胃乙酸、丙酸、戊酸浓度均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),丁酸浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸的比值显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的白色瘤胃球菌、总瘤胃球菌和溶纤维丁酸弧菌的数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),黄色瘤胃球菌的数量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。研究表明,采用甘草茎叶替代苜蓿饲喂奶牛,对瘤胃液中的纤维分解菌白色瘤胃球菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌和总瘤胃球菌具有抑制作用,能够改善奶牛瘤胃参数,有利于提高饲料的利用效率。The experiment studied the effect of feed the stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations in dairy cow.20 healthy(258±12)d Holstein dairy cows were used in a paired design with milk yield,lactation time and parity,which divided into control group(alfalfa group)and test group(stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis group)with ten replicates in each group.The experimental period was 28 d.The results showed that the stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis extremely increased the concentration of acetic acid,propionic acid and valeric acid(P<0.01),significantly increased the concentration of butyric acid(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the acetic/propionic(P<0.05).The stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis significantly decreased the number of Ruminococcus albus,Genus Ruminococcus and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens(P<0.05),and extremely decreased the number of Ruminococcus flavefaciens(P<0.01).The study indicates that the stem and leaf of Glycyrrhiza uralensis instead of alfalfa to feed dairy cows has an inhibitory effect on the Ruminococcus albus,Ruminococcus flavefaciens,Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Genus Ruminococcus in the rumen fluid,and improves the rumen parameters of dairy cows,which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of feed.

关 键 词：甘草茎叶 奶牛 瘤胃发酵参数 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]