三种国产聚丙烯腈基高强高模碳纤维的结构与性能  

Study on the Structure and Properties of Three Kinds of Domestic Polyacrylonitrile-Based High Strength and High Modulus Carbon Fibers

作　　者：张孟 钱鑫 张永刚 戴亚辉[1] ZHANG Meng;QIAN Xin;ZHANG Yong-gang;DAI Ya-hui(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Preparation,Ningbo Institute of Material Technology&Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所碳纤维制备技术国家工程实验室,浙江宁波315201

出　　处：《合成纤维》2021年第10期8-14,共7页Synthetic Fiber in China

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金重点项目(202003N4027);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2019B10091);中科院先导专项(XDA17020405);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C01004)。

摘　　要：以实验室自制的三种国产聚丙烯腈(PAN)基高强高模碳纤维为原料,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、扫描探针显微镜(SPM)、X射线衍射(XRD)以及拉曼光谱等测试手段,对比研究了三种碳纤维的内部微观特征结构,并通过软件分析建立了碳纤维内部微观结构与宏观性能之间的定量函数关系。结果显示:随着碳纤维模量增加,纤维内部石墨晶粒尺寸几乎趋于一致,且石墨晶粒之间排列紧密;XRD图谱中002特征峰峰位角会随着模量提高逐渐向高角度迁移;碳纤维拉曼光谱上的D峰和G峰宽度均随模量增加而明显减小;随着纤维直径增加,碳纤维拉伸强度逐渐提高、拉伸模量逐渐下降;碳纤维的拉伸强度与石墨微晶层间距(d_(002))、微晶堆砌厚度(L_(c))存在线性关系,随着d_(002)下降、L_(c)的增加,纤维拉伸强度线性下降;而碳纤维拉伸模量会随着d_(002)下降、L_(c)增加而提高;与碳纤维拉伸模量相比,纤维拉伸强度与纤维表面无序化程度具有更高的关联性。Three kinds of domestic polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based high strength and high modulus carbon fibers were taken as raw materials,the internal microstructure of carbon fibers was studied by SEM,SPM,XRD and Raman.The quantitative functional relationship between the internal microstructure and the macro-properties of carbon fibers was established by software analysis.The results show that the size of the graphite grains is almost the same and the graphite grains are closely arranged.The peak position of 002 characteristic peak in the XRD pattern gradually shifts to a higher angle with the increase of the modulus.The width of the D-band and G-band of the Raman spectrum decrease obviously with the increase of the fiber modulus.Increased fiber diameter results in decreased tensile strength and increased tensile modulus.There is a linear relationship between the average interlayer spacing(d_(002))and the crystalline stacking thickness(L_(c)).Decreased d_(002) and increased Lc values could lead to linearly decreased fiber tensile strength.As for the tensile modulus of carbon fiber,increases happen to its value with the decrease of d_(002) and the increase of L_(c) values.Compared with the tensile modulus of carbon fiber,the fiber tensile strength has a higher correlation with the degree of surface disorder.

关 键 词：高强高模碳纤维 微观结构 层间距 微晶堆砌厚度 拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TS102.527.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]