日藏敦煌《道要》写卷研究拾遗  

A Study on Dao Yao Fragments in Dunhuang Manuscripts Collected in Japan

作　　者：秦桦林[1] Qin Hualin(History Department,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第5期42-52,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项(20VJXT012);浙江大学“中华优秀文化传承与创新计划”。

摘　　要：《道要》写卷是日藏敦煌文献中的一件珍品。从递藏源流来看,这件《道要》写卷堪称流传有绪的敦煌文献精品,而非出自近代人之手的伪卷。敦煌道经写卷有其文本的特殊性,因此不能仅依据不避隋、唐、武周讳字这一点,便将这件《道要》写卷的抄写年代上推至六朝或缩小在武周时期。在缀合散藏敦煌写卷时,还应将流传过程中外观方面可能遭人为改变的因素充分考虑进来。The early photos of Dunhuang manuscripts taken in the first half of the 20 th Century can be regarded as an academic rich mine.They not only preserve many original features of Dunhuang manuscripts but also provide information in the process of loss.The library of the Institute of the Humanities of Kyoto University has a set of early photos of the Dunhuang manuscripts.The photos are large in size,clear in image,clear in shooting time and collection source.These photos deserve the attention of researchers.The library collection catalogue records the collector of the Dunhuang manuscript as"Etou,Tokyo",who is Etou Takao,a famous antique dealer in Modern Japan.The Etou Takao Dunhuang manuscripts collection is now stored in the National Diet Library of Japan,the collection number being WB32-1(30).This collection was little known for a long time until 2012 when Wang Ka mentioned and supplemented the WB32-1(30)manuscripts in the Daoist leishu(categorized writings)of the Northern and Southern Dynasties,Sui and Tang Dynasties,which not only pointed out that its document nature is the fragment of Dao Yao but also further pointed out that the manuscripts can be combined with P.2443 manuscripts preserved in France.It can be seen that this scroll is indeed from the Dunhuang Sutra Cave and has important literature value.In March 1908,Pelliot spent three weeks on a large-scale inspection of the documents of the Dunhuang Sutra Cave.Seven volumes of Dao Yao,including P.2443,fell into Pelliot’s hands.It can be inferred that P.2443 and WB32-1(30),which originally belonged to the same manuscript,had been broken into two as early as March 1908.Moreover,it cannot be ruled out that the WB32-1(30)manuscript had been dispersed from the Dunhuang Sutra Cave before the arrival of Pelliot(i.e.1900-1908).Since the release of the Dunhuang Sutra Cave,the manuscript had been circulated among antique dealers and collectors for a long time until it was purchased by the National Diet Library of Japan in1960.WB32-1(30)and P.2443 belong to the same

关 键 词：日藏敦煌文献 《道要》 抄写年代 缀合 避讳字 

分 类 号：G256.1[文化科学—图书馆学]