重振WTO谈判功能的诸边协议路径探析  

An Analysis of Plurilateral Agreements Approach to Revitalize the WTO Negotiation Function

作　　者：屠新泉[1] 石晓婧 Tu Xinquan;Shi Xiaojing(China Institute for WTO Studies,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第5期211-226,共16页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(17ZDA098);对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新基金(202103)。

摘　　要：当前WTO多边贸易谈判举步维艰,2001年发起的多哈回合迄今未能成功结束,且重启希望渺茫。与此同时,越来越多的WTO成员选择参加区域贸易协定,这种方式虽然能够有效推进贸易投资自由化和便利化,但也导致了世界贸易规则体系的碎片化,并使WTO面临被边缘化的风险。在此情形下,诸边协议模式被认为是改革WTO谈判机制、重振谈判功能的一个现实路径。结合历史和现实来看,诸边协议模式具有充分的合理性、合法性和可行性,有利于提升谈判效率,化解全球贸易治理困境。然而,这一模式在实际推行中面临许多质疑和疑虑,导致WTO成员更加偏好WTO外的区域协定而非WTO内的诸边协议。对此,WTO可以考虑制定诸边协议模式的相关管理规则,提高其确定性,增强其合法性,吸引和鼓励更多成员接受和参与诸边协议谈判。At present,the WTO multilateral trade negotiations are struggling.The Doha Round,launched in 2001,has not been successfully concluded,and there is little hope of its resumption.At the same time,more and more WTO members choose to participate in regional trade agreements.Although this approach can effectively promote trade liberalization and facilitation,it also leads to the fragmentation of the world trade rules system and puts the WTO at the risk of being marginalized.Under this circumstance,the plurilateral agreement model is regarded as a realistic way to reforming the WTO negotiation mechanism and to revitalizing the negotiation function.Most of the existing literature studies plurilateral agreements from the perspectives of law and politics,but few studies have been comprehensively conducted on whether the plurilateral agreement model can be used as a reform path from the perspective of economics.This paper systematically investigates the realistic possibility of the plurilateral agreement model as the path of reform,and demonstrates it from four aspects:legality,rationality,feasibility and the status of overcoming obstacles.On this basis,in view of the absence of rules in the WTO system,this paper puts forward some suggestions on the design of rules for the standardization and multilateralization of the plurilateral agreement model.First,taking the plurilateral agreement model as the reform path for WTO negotiations is legitimate.The formation of plurilateral agreements is recognized by the WTO,while negotiation and operation are subject to WTO rules.The formulated rules are legitimate within the WTO and constitute a part of the WTO system.Hence,advancing negotiation reform through this model may ensure that new rules still comply with the WTO legal and institutional backgrounds.Second,it is reasonable to promote the reform of negotiation mechanism through the plurilateral agreement model.On the one hand,the plurilateral agreement is essentially a small multilateral agreement,which is aligned with the multi

关 键 词：WTO谈判机制改革 诸边协议模式 全球经济治理 贸易规则 

分 类 号：D996.1[政治法律—经济法学] F743.1[政治法律—国际法学]