在徘徊中前进:生产视域下北京女工的节育宣传与生育选择(1949—1966)  

Moving Forward in Hesitation: Birth Control Publicity and Reproductive Choice of Beijing Women Workers from the Perspective of Production(1949-1966)

作　　者：雷永强 LEI Yongqiang

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院历史系,0340000

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2021年第6期119-125,共7页Journal of China Women＇s University

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立后,针对女工生育频繁与生理卫生常识匮乏的现状,结合工业化建设的客观需要,政府在女工中开展了避孕节育宣传,鼓励女工了解并实行避孕节育。北京女工结合个体生活与工作体验,出现了主动节育与少生的生育意愿与选择。然而国家、厂矿、女工三者在宣传联动中,并未就避孕节育达到何种效果取得一致,不仅出现了如"蝌蚪避孕"此类谣言的传播与扩散,而且各级政府、厂矿与女工在避孕节育的落实过程中出现了行动偏差。1949—1966年,国内第一次大规模避孕节育宣传与女工生育选择总体呈现在徘徊中前进的特点。After the founding of the People's Republic of China,in view of the status quo of women workers*frequent childbirth and lack of physiological and health knowledge,combined with the objective needs of industrialization,contraceptive and birth control publicity was carried out by the government among women workers to encourage them to understand and practice contraceptive and birth control.Meantime,Beijing women workers,integrating their individual life and work experience,showed their willingness and choice of active birth control and less birth.Nonetheless,in the publicity linkage among the state,factories,mines and women workers,there is no agreement on the effect of contraception and birth control,which not only leads to the dissemination and spread of rumors such as Htadpole contraceptionH,but also makes governments at all levels,factories,mines and women workers prone to action deviation in the implementation of contraception and birth control.The first large-scale contraceptive and birth control publicity in New China and the reproductive choice of female workers from 1949 to 1966 generally exhibits the characteristics of wandering forward.The formation of this feature reflects that the national contraceptive and birth control work still gave way to the industrial policy of giving priority to production in this period,which is the outcome of realizing rapidly the goal of industrialization.

关 键 词：北京女工 节育宣传 生育选择 角色联动 

分 类 号：D442.9[政治法律—政治学]