煅烧温度对莫来石质多孔陶瓷材料结构与性能的影响  

Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Structure and Properties of Porous Mullite Ceramic Materials

作　　者：胡其国 李济[1] 邵晴 李小龙[1] HU Qiguo;LI Ji;SHAO Qing;LI Xiaolong(Jiangxi Arts&Ceramics Technology Institute,School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering,Jingdezhen 333001,China)

机构地区：[1]江西陶瓷工艺美术职业技术学院材料与机械工程学院,景德镇333001

出　　处：《中国陶瓷》2021年第10期43-48,共6页China Ceramics

摘　　要：以粉煤灰漂珠和α-Al_(2)O_(3)粉为原料,AlF_(3)和V_(2)O_(5)作为添加剂,采用挤制成型工艺与无压烧结技术制备了莫来石质多孔陶瓷材料,研究了煅烧温度(分别为1100℃、1200℃、1300℃、1350℃)对试样的物相组成、莫来石质多孔陶瓷的显微结构以及性能的影响,并阐述了粉煤灰漂珠球体表面形成莫来石的机理过程。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和力学性能测定等手段表征了制备的莫来石质多孔陶瓷材料。结果表明:煅烧温度的提高有助于针状莫来石晶体的形成,莫来石晶体依托漂珠球壳生长;当煅烧温度从1100℃增加至1350℃,试样中的气孔率先增大后减小,而体积密度和抗压强度则先减小后增大;经1300℃烧制的试样综合性能较佳,气孔率为72.8%,体积密度为0.83 g·cm^(-3),抗压强度为15.4 MPa。这为固体废弃物粉煤灰漂珠的资源化应用以及多孔隙的莫来石质陶瓷材料的制备提供了新的研究思路。Mullite porous ceramic materials were prepared by extrusion molding process and pressureless sintering technology by using fly ash hollow spheres as template,α-Al_(2)O_(3) as the aluminum source,AlF_(3) and V_(2)O_(5) as additives.The effects of the calcination temperature(the calcination temperature were 1100℃、1200℃、1300℃、1350℃,respectively)on phase composition、microstructure and properties of the prepared mullite porous ceramic materials were investigated.The mechanism and process of mullite formation on the surface of fly ash hollow spheres were expounded.The prepared mullite porous ceramic materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and mechanical properties measurement.The results showed that the increase of calcination temperature is helpful to the formation of needle-like mullite crystals,which grew on the support of bleached spheres,when the calcination temperature changed from 1100℃to 1350℃,the apparent porosity of the samples increased firstly and then decreased,while the bulk density and compressive strength were on the contrary.When the calcination temperature was 1300℃exhibited an excellent property,including an apparent porosity of 72.8%,the bulk density of 0.83 g·cm^(-3),the compressive strength of 15.4 MPa.That provides a new research idea for the utilization of solid waste fly ash hollow spheres and the preparation of porous mullite ceramic materials.

关 键 词：煅烧温度 莫来石 粉煤灰漂珠 α-Al_(2)O_(3) 多孔陶瓷 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]