利益冲突交易的规则重构  

Reconstruction of Rules for Conflict of Interest Transactions

作　　者：南玉梅 NAN Yumei

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2021年第5期118-129,共12页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)研究成果;武汉大学人文社会科学青年学术重点资助团队“大健康法制的理论与实践”的阶段性成果;“中央高校基本科研业务经费专项资金”资助。

摘　　要：交易定性事关法律适用的科学性与准确性。《公司法》中自我交易与关联交易的规则重叠与规则差异,导致实践中伪装成担保交易的利益冲突交易游离在规范之外。建议《公司法》修订过程中,扩大董事忠实义务内涵,以实质性利益冲突标准重构自我交易规则。规则体系上,整合担保规则、关联交易规则及自我交易规则之间的规范重叠,减少交易定性错误引发的规则适用错误;程序规则上,阻却程序规范与交易效力之间的关联性,为程序公平但实质不公平的自我交易提供追责空间;责任标准上,扩大董事注意义务从"违规决策"至"决策失误",为引入董事经营判断原则提供空间,并以此限制司法对董事决策的事后审查。Characterization of transaction is a matter of scientific nature and accuracy of applicable law.The overlap and difference of rules over self-dealing and related transactions within the “Company Law” have led to transactions with conflict of interest being disguised as secured transactions in practice and shifting away from the regulations.During the revision session of the “Company Law”,it is suggested to broaden the concept of duty of loyalty of the board and to reconstruct conflict of interest transaction rules based on substantive measures on conflicts of interest.From the system perspective,the proposition is to integrate overlaps among guarantee,related transactions,and self-dealing for reducing the probability of erroneous application of rules caused by inaccurate characterization of transactions.From the procedure perspective,the proposition is to prevent the correlation between procedural norms and transaction effectiveness for providing accountability in transactions with conflict of interest that have procedural fairness but in fact substantive unfairness.And from the accountability perspective,the proposition is to introduce business judgement rule to the board of directors for restricting ex post facto judicial review on the board’s decision-making.

关 键 词：忠实义务 利益冲突 自我交易 关联交易 经营判断原则 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]