拉拔变形对纯铜导线组织和性能的影响  

Effect of Drawing Deformation on Microstructure and Properties of Pure Copper Wire

作　　者：路荣贵 化广信 冉令豪 梅桂林 LU Ronggui;HUA Guangxin;RAN Linghao;MEI Guilin(Anhui Truchum Gaoxin Electric Material Co.,Ltd.,Wuhu 241000,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽楚江高新电材有限公司,安徽芜湖241000 [2]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《安徽工程大学学报》2021年第5期21-24,79,共5页Journal of Anhui Polytechnic University

摘　　要：初始直径为Φ8 mm的纯铜杆坯经拉拔得到直径为Φ1.8 mm和Φ0.171 mm的铜导线。采用光学金相显微镜、微机控制电子万能实验机和直流低电阻测试仪研究了拉拔过程中纯铜导线微观组织、力学性能和电阻率的变化。结果表明,在拉拔过程中导线微观组织沿拉拔方向逐渐形成纤维组织。抗拉强度和电阻率随着变形程度的增加而增大,直径为Φ8 mm的纯铜杆坯经过单道次拉拔后得到直径为Φ1.8 mm的纯铜导线,抗拉强度由226 MPa增至380 MPa,断后延伸率由45%下降至35%,电阻率由0.0169Ω·mm^(2)·m^(-1)增至0.0172Ω·mm^(2)·m^(-1)。由拉拔过程中的微观组织变化情况得到了微观组织和力学性能之间的关系,即随着纤维状组织的形成,纯铜导线的抗拉强度增加,断后延伸率降低。The pure copper rod blank with an initial diameter ofΦ8 mm is drawn to a diameter ofΦ1.8 mm andΦ0.171 mm.The microstructure,mechanical properties and resistivity of the pure copper wire during the drawing process were investigated by the optical metallurgical microscope,the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine and the DC low-resistance tester.The result shows that the microstructure of the wire gradually formed fibrous structures along the drawing direction during the drawing process.The tensile strength and resistivity increase with the degree of deformation.After a single-pass drawing of a pure copper rod blank with a diameter ofΦ8 mm,a pure copper wire with a diameter ofΦ1.8 mm is obtained.The tensile strength of the wire increases from 226 MPa to 380 MPa,the elongation after fracture decreases from 45%to 35%,and the resistivity increases from 0.0169Ω·mm^(2)·m^(-1) to 0.0172Ω·mm^(2)·m^(-1).The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties is obtained from the changes in the microstructure during the drawing process:with the formation of fibrous structures,the tensile strength of the pure copper wire increases and the elongation after fracture decreases.

关 键 词：纯铜导线 拉拔 微观组织 电阻率 抗拉强度 断后延伸率 

分 类 号：TG356[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]