中耕施肥机控制系统设计  

Design of Control System for Intertillage Fertilizer Applicator

作　　者：员玉良[1] 陈静 李新成[1] YUN Yu-liang;CHEN Jing;LI Xin-cheng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109 China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《自动化技术与应用》2021年第11期27-30,共4页Techniques of Automation and Applications

基　　金：山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(编号2017YF043);青岛农业大学高层次人才启动基金项目(编号1117010)。

摘　　要：化肥施用是农业生产中必不可少的一个环节,传统的中耕施肥机采用粗放型施肥方式,且多采用地轮驱动,易造成施肥量不足或过量施肥,导致经济效益下降和环境污染。针对这一问题,设计了一种低成本的中耕施肥机自动控制系统,该系统以STC89C52单片机为控制核心,采用步进电机驱动排肥机构,能够根据施肥处方图和接收到的GPS位置信息,得出施肥机所在位置的施肥量,进而根据施肥机实时行驶速度,控制步进电机转速和排肥器的排肥量,实现变量施肥。同时,在显示屏上实时显示施肥信息,方便操作人员掌握系统的工作状态。Fertilizer is indispensable to agricultural crop,traditional intertillage fertilizer applicator adopts the extensive mode of fertilizer application,the utilization rate of fertilizer is lower,and it is driven by the land wheel,which is easy to cause inaccurate fertilization and environmental pollution.Thus,a low-cost intelligent control system is designed to realize variable rate fertilization.The STC89C52 microcontroller is used as the control core,and a step motor is adopted to drive fertilizer discharge device.According to the GPS position information,fertilizing prescription map and the real-time speed of fertilizer applicator,the variable rate fertilization system could calculate and control the rotation speed of the stepper motor to achieve variable fertilizer application.At the same time,fertilization information is displayed on the LCD screen in real time for the operator to grasp the working status of the system.

关 键 词：中耕机 变量施肥 单片机 GPS 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S224.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]